tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14635516240161621442023-11-15T10:22:13.184-08:00English essay helptranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.comBlogger166125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-49048673598402740982020-08-27T17:14:00.001-07:002020-08-27T17:14:08.499-07:00Cunto se demora la green card por trabajoCunto se demora la green card por trabajo El tiempo de demora de la tarjeta de residencia por trabajo varã a desde apenas unos meses de tramitaciã ³n ordinaria hasta esperas factors de varios aã ±os. La diferencia radica en la categorã a de visa de trabajo por la que se obtiene la tarjeta de residencia. (Y en algunos casos tambiã ©n afecta el paã s de origen). Categorã as en las que no roughage espera para la green card por razones de trabajo Cada aã ±o financial se conceden 140,000 tarjetas de residencia por motivos de empleo, divididas en diferentes categorã as. Las denominadas 1, 2, 4 y 5 no tienen que esperar a que haya visas disponibles, porque el nã ºmero de visados es predominant al de peticiones. Pero, à ¿quã © empleos estn comprendidos en esas categorã as? Anualmente se conceden hasta un mximo de 40,000 visas en la categorã a 1. Dentro de esta roughage tres tipos de empleos posibles: EB-1 (a), para la crema de la crema profesionalmente hablando. Pueden aplicar por ellas personas extranjeras con habilidades extraordinarias en las Artes, las Ciencias, el Deporte, la Educaciã ³n o los Negocios. Child profesionales tan excepcionales que no necesitan tener una oferta de trabajo. Es decir, pueden aplicar ellos mismos por la tarjeta de residencia, sin patrocinador. EB-1 (b), para profesores universitarios o investigadores sobresalientes con al menos de tres aã ±os de experiencia profesional reconocida internacionalmente. Es necesario que tengan una oferta de trabajo y que la solicitud para la tarjeta de residencia la presente una universidad o un instituto, pã ºblico o privado, de investigaciã ³n. EB-1 (c), para ejecutivos o gerentes que lleven al menos tres aã ±os trabajando en el extranjero para una obedient o subsidiaria de una empresa History of the U.S. Tampoco feed tiempo de espera para la categorã a 2 (EB-2), para la que feed reservada 40,000 tarjetas de residencia por aã ±o financial. Pueden beneficiarse los profesionales con una maestrã a o doctorado o, en el caso de tener sã ³lo una licenciatura, debern tener cinco aã ±os de experiencia laboral. Tambiã ©n encajan en esta categorã a las personas con habilidades excepcionales en los Negocios, las Artes y las Ciencias. Es decir, deben ser muy superiores a la media en su campo. Aunque generalmente se necesita una oferta de trabajo y que el empleador solicite la tarjeta de residencia para ellos, feed casos en los que el extranjero que cumple con los requisitos arriba mencionados puede solicitar la green card por sã mismos si puede probar que la aprobaciã ³n de su solicitud servirã a los intereses nacionales de los Estados Unidos. De hecho, feed abogados especialistas en este tipo de casos que se conocen con las iniciales NIW (por Waiver por interã ©s nacional, en inglã ©s). Otra categorã a sin tiempo de espera es la 4 (EB-4), que child conocidos como Emigrantes Especiales. Es necesario que el empleador americano solicite la tarjeta de residencia para ellos mediante la planilla I-360. Pueden beneficiarse por esta categorã a: Sacerdotes, monjas, rabinos y otros trabajadores religiosos.Ex trabajadores del Canal de Panam.Ciertos miembros del Ejã ©rcito de los Estados Unidos.Empleados jubilados de organizaciones internacionales y dependientes.Asimismo, trabajadores en el extranjero del Gobierno estadounidense. En este à ºltimo caso, la peticiã ³n de la green card no debe hacerse mediante la I-360, sino que debe utilizarse la planilla DS-1884. Por à ºltimo, los inversores dentro de la categorã a 5 (EB-5) tampoco estn sujetos a disponibilidad de visas y espera. Roughage que resaltar que aunque no feed tiempo de espera por visas en las categorã as arriba mencionadas, feed unos meses de demora en la tramitaciã ³n ordinaria. Tiempo de espera para la categorã a 3 y otros trabajadores Los trabajadores que obtienen la tarjeta de residencia por la categorã a 3 (EB-3) o por la de otros trabajadores esperan en estos momentos cuatro aã ±os y medio, para los casos de ciudadanos de Latinoamã ©rica y Espaã ±a. Otros paã ses, como India o China tienen tiempos de espera superiores. En la categorã a 3 y en la de otros trabajadores recaen: Profesionales con licenciatura (B.A. o B.S.).Personas sin estudios superiores pero con una habilidad profesional particular y experiencia laboral de al menos dos aà ±os.Personas sin habilidades especiales pero cuyo trabajo requiere una experiencia laboral de al menos dos aã ±os. Para esta subcategorã a no pueden otorgarse ms de 10,000 tarjetas de residencia por aã ±o financial. Las personas que estn esperando por una green card en esta categorã a pueden verificar los tiempos de espera en el Boletã n de Visas del Departamento de Estado, teniendo en cuenta la fecha de prioridad de su aplicaciã ³n. Por à ºltimo, tener en cuenta que para esta categorã a es siempre necesario obtener una certificaciã ³n laboral y tener una oferta de empleo y que el empleador estadounidense realice la peticiã ³n de la green card mediante la planilla I-140. Se recomienda tomarâ este test para verificarâ que se tienen los conocimientos necesarios sobre green card. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-79829379509101788152020-08-22T22:42:00.001-07:002020-08-22T22:42:11.365-07:00Internet of Things ParadigmWeb of Things Paradigm Presentation As indicated by 2016 measurable conjecture, there are practically 4.77 billion number of cell phone clients in internationally and it is relied upon to pass the five billion by 2019. [1] The fundamental characteristic of this critical expanding pattern is because of expanding fame of cell phones. In 2012, about a fourth of every single versatile client were cell phone clients and this will be multiplied by 2018 which mean there are be more than 2.6 million cell phone clients. Of these cell phone clients more than quarter are utilizing Samsung and Apple cell phone. Until 2016, there are 2.2 million and 2 million of applications in google application store and apple store separately. Such hazardous development of applications gives potential advantage to designer and furthermore organizations. There are about $88.3 billion income for portable application showcase. Unmistakable types of the IT business evaluated that the IoT worldview will create $1.7 trillion in esteem added to the worldwide economy in 2019. By 2020 the Internet of Things gadget will dramatically increase the size of the cell phone, PC, tablet, associated vehicle, and the wearable market joined. Advancements and administrations having a place with the Internet of Things have produced worldwide incomes in $4.8 trillion of every 2012 and will reach $8.9 trillion by 2020, developing at a compound yearly rate (CAGR) of 7.9%. From this great market development, malignant assaults likewise have been expanded drastically. As per Kaspersky Security Network(KSN) information report, there has been in excess of 171,895,830 malignant assaults from online assets among word wide. In second quarter of 2016, they have recognized 3,626,458 pernicious establishment bundles which is 1.7 occasions more than first quarter of 2016. Kind of these assaults are wide, for example, RiskTool, AdWare, Trojan-SMS, Trojan-Dropper, Trojan, Trojan-Ransom,Trojan-Spy,Trojan-Banker,Trojan-Downloader,Backdoor, and so on.. http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web things-much-uncovered digital dangers/#gref Sadly, the quick dispersion of the Internet of Things worldview isn't joined by a fast improvement of productive security answers for those savvy objects, while the criminal environment is investigating the innovation as new assault vectors. Mechanical arrangements having a place with the Internet of Things are commandingly entering our every day life. Lets think, for instance, of wearable gadgets or the SmartTV. The best issue for the advancement of the worldview is the low impression of the digital dangers and the conceivable effect on protection. Cybercrime knows about the troubles looked by the IT people group to characterize a common procedure to moderate digital dangers, and hence, it is conceivable that the quantity of digital assaults against savvy gadgets will quickly increment. As long there is cash to be made hoodlums will keep on making the most of chances to pick our pockets. While the fight with cybercriminals can appear to be overwhelming, its a battle we can win. We just need to break one connection in their chain to bring them to an abrupt halt. A few hints to progress: Send fixes rapidly Wipe out superfluous applications Run as a non-advantaged client Increment worker mindfulness Perceive our frail focuses Diminishing the danger surface As of now, both major application store organizations, Google and Apple, adopts distinctive situation to strategy spam application location. One takes a functioning and the other with inactive methodology. There is solid solicitation of malware recognition from worldwide Foundation (Previous Study) The paper Early Detection of Spam Mobile Apps was distributed by dr. Surangs. S with his partners at the 2015 International World Wide Web gatherings. In this gathering, he has been underlined significance of early discovery of malware and furthermore presented a novel thought of how to recognize spam applications. Each market works with their approaches to erased application from their store and this is done through constant human intercession. They need to discover reason and example from the applications erased and recognized spam applications. The chart essentially delineates how they approach the early spam discovery utilizing manual marking. Information Preparation New dataset was set up from past investigation [53]. The 94,782 applications of beginning seed were curated from the rundown of applications got from more than 10,000 cell phone clients. Around 5 months, specialist has been gathered metadata from Goole Play Store about application name, application depiction, and application classification for all the applications and disposed of non-English portrayal application from the metadata. Inspecting and Labeling Process One of significant procedure of their examination was manual naming which was the principal approach proposed and this permits to distinguish the explanation for their evacuation. Manual naming was continued around 1.5 month with 3 analysts at NICTA. Every analyst marked by heuristic checkpoint focuses and larger part reason of casting a ballot were signified as following Graph3. They recognized 9 key reasons with heuristic checkpoints. These full rundown checkpoints can be discover from their specialized report. (http://qurinet.ucdavis.edu/bars/conf/www15.pdf)[] In this report, we just rundown checkpoints of the explanation as spam. Graph3. Named spam information with checkpoint reason. Checkpoint S1-Does the application portrayal depict the application work plainly and succinctly? 100 word bigrams and trigrams were physically led from past investigations which portray application usefulness. There is high likelihood of spam applications not having clear depiction. Thusly, 100 expressions of bigrams and trigrams were contrasted and every depiction and checked recurrence of event. Checkpoint S2-Does the application depiction contain an excess of subtleties, indistinguishable content, or irrelevant content? artistic style, known as Stylometry, was utilized to delineate. In study, 16 highlights were recorded in table 2. Table 2. Highlights related with Checkpoint 2 Highlight 1 Complete number of characters in the portrayal 2 Complete number of words in the portrayal 3 Complete number of sentences in the portrayal 4 Normal word length 5 Normal sentence length 6 Level of capitalized characters 7 Level of accentuations 8 Level of numeric characters 9 Level of normal English words 10 Level of individual pronouns 11 Level of passionate words 12 Level of incorrectly spelled word 13 Level of words with letter set and numeric characters 14 Programmed clarity index(AR) 15 Flesch clarity score(FR) For the portrayal, highlight choice of avaricious technique [ ] was utilized with max profundity 10 of choice tree order. The presentation was advanced by awry F-Measure [55] They found that Feature number 2, 3, 8, 9, and 10 were most discriminativeand spam applications will in general have less longwinded application portrayal contrast with non-spam applications. About 30% spam application had under 100 words portrayal. Checkpoint Sâ 3 Does the application depiction contain an observable reiteration of words or catchphrases? They utilized jargon lavishness to conclude spam applications. Jargon Richness(VR) = Specialist expected low VR for spam applications as indicated by redundancy of watchwords. Be that as it may, result was inverse to desire. Shockingly VR near 1 was probably going to be spam applications and none of non-spam application had high VR result. [ ] This may be because of concise style of application portrayal among spam applications. Checkpoint S4 Does the application depiction contain random watchwords or references? Basic spamming strategy is adding disconnected catchphrase to build output of application that subject of watchword can differ altogether. New technique was proposed for these restrictions which is tallying the referencing of mainstream applications name from applications depiction. In past research name of top-100 applications were utilized for checking number of referencing. Just 20% spam applications have referenced the well known applications more than once in their portrayal. Though, 40 to 60 % of non-spam had notice more than once. They found that a significant number of top-applications have web-based social networking interface and fan pages to keep association with clients. Hence, theories can be one of identifier to separate spam of non-spam applications. Checkpoint S5 Does the application portrayal contain over the top references to different applications from a similar engineer? Number of times a designers other application names show up. Just 10 spam applications were considered as this checkpoint in light of the fact that the portrayal contained connects to the application instead of the application names. Checkpoint S6 Does the engineer have different applications with roughly a similar depiction? For this checkpoint, 3 highlights were thought of: The all out number of different applications created by same engineer. The all out number of applications that written in English depiction to gauge portrayal comparability. Have depiction Cosine similarity(s) of over 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% from a similar designer. Pre-process was required to figure the cosine likeness: [ ] Right off the bat, changing over the words in lower case and expelling accentuation images. At that point adjust each record with word recurrence vector. Cosine likeness condition: http://blog.christianperone.com/2013/09/AI cosine-likeness for-vector-space-models-part-iii/ They saw that the most discriminative of the likeness between application portrayals. Just 10% 15% of the non-spam had 60% of portrayal likeness between 5 different applications that created by same engineer. Then again, over 27% of the spam applications had 60% of portrayal similitude result. This proof demonstrates the propensity of the spam applications numerous cone with comparative application depictions. Checkpoint S7 Does the application identifier (applied) bode well and have some pertinence to the usefulness of the application or does it give off an impression of being auto created? Application identifier(appid) is novel identifier in Google Play Store, name followed by the Java bundle naming show. Model, for the facebook , appid is com.facebook.katana. For 10% of t tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-15071642539277401452020-08-22T12:37:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:37:19.190-07:00Quantitative research appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsQuantitative research examination - Essay Example Judgments of the viability of agony the board, adequacy of medical attendant drove diabetic center, adequacy of suitable or explicit dressing techniques in the board of venous ulcer, viability of expert medical caretaker professional in the mishap and crisis as an essential parental figure are only not many of the various guides to evaluate proof and change practice dependent on proof (Sousa et al., 2007, 502-507). Observational and Interventional Research Designs: The examiner leading observational research watches both the free and the reliant factors, when there is deficient information about a marvel, or for moral reasons or something else, an observational structure is generally appropriate. In test investigate, analysts effectively mediate and make the autonomous variable, which implies that individuals in the example will be presented to various medications or conditions (Driessnack, et al., 2007, 684-688). Exploratory and semi test structures: Experimental plans give solid proof about the theory and give a causal connection among autonomous and subordinate factors. ... Be that as it may, semi trial plans need randomization to treatment gatherings, which portrays genuine tests. Semi tests, along these lines, are not as ground-breaking as trials in building up causal associations among intercessions and results (Coughlan et al, 2007, 658-663). Contrasts among Inferential and Descriptive Statistics: Statistics are either engaging or inferential. Expressive insights are utilized to portray and blend information. Midpoints and rates are instances of elucidating measurements. All things considered, when such records are determined on information from a populace, they are called parameters. Inferential insights then again is utilized to draw a few surmisings out of the numerical information (Zellner et al., 2007, 55-59). The title of the examination article picked by the writer to base this task is Randomized controlled preliminary to analyze careful adjustment of the lumbar spine with a concentrated restoration program for patients with incessant low back torment: the MRC spine adjustment preliminary by Fairbank and associates distributed in the British Medical Journal (Fairbank et al., 2005, 1233). Reason: The motivation behind this specific examination is to evaluate the clinical adequacy of careful adjustment as spinal combination contrasted and that with concentrated adjustment for patients with incessant low back agony. The structure clearly was a multicentric randomized controlled preliminary (Cook et al., 2008, 128-133). Randomization or irregular task includes setting subjects in bunches aimlessly. Arbitrary basically implies that each subject has an equivalent possibility of being doled out to any gathering to keep away from precise predisposition in the gatherings that could influence the reliant variable. Randomization remains the most reliable and adequate technique for tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-21301265753254895762020-08-21T20:24:00.001-07:002020-08-21T20:24:05.627-07:00Haiti Development Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsHaiti Development - Research Paper Example In spite of the fact that autonomous some time before, the economy of the nation is still in the battling stage. As indicated by the ongoing reports, the per capita pay of the nation in 2009 has been a small $ 790 that tantamounts to an ostensible total of $ 2 every day for each individual. Having such terrible showing on the monetary front, the nation has practically 80% of the populace underneath the destitution level while just a large portion of the populace is accepted to be proficient. The nation is essentially a rural country however dissimilar to a large number of different countries of the world, horticultural populace of Haiti doesn't approach the advanced methods and procedures of farming. This is pervasive as while over 65% of the populace is locked in with horticulture, the calling yields even under 30% of the GDP for the nation (Foreign and Common Wealth Office, ââ¬Å"Haitiâ⬠). The extraordinary lackluster showing of the economy of Haiti has its connected results like that of oppressed human asset advancement and that of fixing the rundown of debasement. The other unmistakable negative mark of the nation has been the convergence of riches. It is seen that top 1% of the populace controls practically 50% of the nationââ¬â¢s riches. The state of the economy is additionally portrayed by the prime wellspring of acquiring for the administration which has been the outside obligation throughout recent years. In 2005, another conceived child in Haiti had a risk of US $ 169 (due to outside obligation) however as of late the worldwide bodies like that of IMF and World Bank have discounted the outer obligation (IMF, ââ¬Å"Haiti: Enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries â⬠Completion Point Documentâ⬠). The poor nation of Haiti has been additionally influenced by the grievous condition on numerous occasions. In spite of the fact that the nation was honored with profound woodland and had rich widely varied vegetation, the reducing economy of the country has brought about cutting of a large portion of such tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-47310554235665241762020-08-21T10:19:00.001-07:002020-08-21T10:19:11.067-07:00Conflict Essay Topics That Will Help You Write High Quality College EssaysConflict Essay Topics That Will Help You Write High Quality College EssaysIf you're not quite sure about how to get started on your college essay, you'll find conflict essay topics that are both challenging and exciting. While no topic is right for every writer, there are a few that have proven successful for generations of students.Writing a conflict story isn't as easy as it sounds. This is because it involves bringing something to light, which is quite difficult in the context of college writing. That being said, there are several topics that can be used when it comes to conflict essay topics.One of the most recognized conflicts for students to consider is the one about World War II. There are many different ways to approach this topic, including using the letters of the alphabet or even referencing the series of battles that took place during this time. Students should explore many different strategies to approach the topic, and they should keep in mind that their essay should in clude their own perspective, as well.Another conflict that many students tend to shy away from is the present tense. They may want to use a past tense to describe things happening today, but they should also consider using a present tense when they are writing about things that happened recently. It doesn't make any sense to write about something that has already happened, so students will find that many writing techniques will help them achieve this goal.Many students also feel that writing about an argument isn't the best way to use conflict situation. The idea here is to present information that presents both sides of the argument. It's important to point out the pros and cons of both sides before you wrap up the essay. Some writers also prefer to put quotations throughout their essay to help them stand out.In the world of business, conflict essays often relate to work conflicts, such as salary negotiations. The student who is trying to get a better offer on his or her next raise or who wants to know what the expectations are for being promoted should consider using this type of essay. Other examples of this type of essay include those that explore topics like getting a promotion, keeping or losing a job, or any other type of job change.English writers usually don't use writing techniques like quotation marks and adverbs when they are discussing business subjects, but this is the best way to describe the entire scenario for students who are taking business courses. Students should avoid using adjectives in their writing, and they should also avoid using concrete or vocabulary words to describe abstract concepts. Instead, they should use less-than-familiar vocabulary words, which will help them to effectively communicate their ideas.When it comes to conflict essay topics, there are some basic steps that students should follow to ensure that their essays are as useful as possible. By finding topics that are meaningful to them, students can create essays that will help them express their thoughts and ideas about a particular subject. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-86174859345915663322020-06-29T04:41:00.001-07:002020-06-29T04:41:02.868-07:00Hotel Workers Industry - Free Essay Example The hotel industry has long struggled to establish what truly makes hotel employees motivated and satisfied with their jobs. High employee turnover in the hotel industry is believed to be due to the nature of the work, its low pay, and its long working hours. Thus, to effectively address this turnover problem, employee motivation could be an on-going and critical issue for managers in hotel operations. (Chiang and Jang 2008) Chitiris (1990, 293) strongly emphasized the importance of motivation by stating that ââ¬Å"Motivation is the prime determinant of behaviour at work and that high ability and high levels of job training will not result in high performance if the individual is completely de-motivated or under-motivated at work.â⬠A review of the literature indicates that there are problems in the hotel industry such as inadequate pay, low job security, limited training and development opportunities, and excessive turnover. (Cheng and Brown 1998; Deery and Shaw 1999; Pizam and Thornburg 2000; Karatepe and Uludag 2007). There are also problems pertaining to unsocial work hours and workloads in the hotel industry. (Karatepe and Sokmen 2006; Rowley and Purcell 2001; Karatepe and Uludag 2007) The biggest challenge of employee motivation is that employees often motivate themselves, based on their perception of what they want to achieve and how they can achieve it. Howev er, managers who are aware of what their employees want from work can design a work environment that is able to accommodate employees needs and desires. At the same time, well-informed managers may be able to avoid common pitfalls that tend to reduce employee motivation. (Simons and Enz 1995) Riley, Ladkin, and Szivas (2002) cited in Taylor and Davies (2004) that according to the World Tourism Organisation, the worlds largest industry sector is the tourism and hospitality industry. Despite the concern about quantifying the definition of tourism as an industry, for the purpose of estimating employment it is considered to be one and a half times larger than the next industry. The accommodation sector has continued to exhibit growth over the last few decades, although at various rates, and is forecasted to continue this growth both in development and employment numbers. Weaver (1988) argued that hotel managers have experimented with various motivational theories and methods to ad dress the problem of declining productivity among their hourly workers. Most of these experiments have had minimal success, because they are based on reward systems that have little meaning for hourly workers. ââ¬Å"If a company knows why its employees come to work on time, stay with the company for their full working lives, and are productive, then it might be able to ensure that all of its employees behave in that wayâ⬠(Kovach 1987, 58). Such a company would have a competitive advantage over competitors that may be suffering from high absenteeism and turnover, costly re-training programs, and production slowdowns. Wiley (1997) emphasized that in the case of a lack of ability, appropriate training can be employed. Altering the environment to promote higher performance is the key in the event of environmental problems. However, if motivation is the problem, the solution is more complicated and testing. For motivational problems, the best source of information would b e the employee. Responses by employees regarding what ignites and sustains their desire to work may lead the employer to redesign jobs, increase pay, change the working environment, or give more credit for work done. The key is that managers avoid the assumption that what motivates them, motivates their employees as well. If hotel managers are able to satisfy their employees by understanding their underlying motivations better, it will play a part in retaining and motivating hotel employees and thus improve customer satisfaction in the long run. (Wong, Siu, and Tsang 1999) According to Robbins et al. (2008, 180), motivation can be defined as ââ¬Å"The processes that account for an individuals intensity, direction and persistence of effort towards attaining a goal.â⬠Intensity is concerned with how hard a person tries, and is generally the focus of motivation. However, high intensity is unlikely to lead to favourable job-performance outcomes unless the effort is channe lled in a direction that benefits the organization. Effort should directed towards, and is consistent with, the organizations goals. Finally, the persistence dimension of motivation is a measure of how long a person can maintain effort. Motivated individuals stay with a task long enough to achieve their goal. Lee-Ross (2005, 255) elaborates on the significant link between motivation in the workplace and practical organizational-based outcomes such as productivity, commitment, job satisfaction, intent to stay and burnout. Fundamentally, Hackman and Oldhams (1976) theory of motivation is concerned with ââ¬Å"internal work motivationâ⬠whereby a continuous cycle of motivation happens within the employee. In other words, the more effort expended on a job, the more motivated they would become.(Chiang and Jang 2008; Lee-Ross 2005) While on the job, motivation is important for individuals, and in some theories (e.g. expectancy or equity), researchers predict variations in th e evaluations of such outcomes as pay. But the evaluation of pay usually is just one of many outcomes and is frequently measured with little accuracy. (Mitchell and Mickel 1999) Besides its high labour turnover and labour-intensive nature, the hotel industry is often characterised by low job security, low pay, shift duties and limited opportunities for promotion. The studies of Lee-Ross (1993) added that these characteristics seemed to be more extreme in the seasonal sector. Understanding hotel employees attitudes and motivations has therefore become a useful area of research in the industry. (Wong, Siu, and Tsang 1999) Iverson and Deery (1997, 71) noted that ââ¬Å"Turnover culture is best characterised as the acceptance of turnover as part of the workgroup norm.â⬠Alternatively, it is a belief held by employees that turnover behaviour is quite appropriate especially in the hotel industry. In the hotel industry, employees strongly require intelligence, job knowledge a nd skills, and time management ability. However, without motivation, an employee will not advance in his or her career. (Wong, Siu, and Tsang 1999) The amount of effort an employee spends toward accomplishing the hotels goals depends on whether the employee believes that this effort will lead to the satisfaction of his or her own needs and desires. When a need or desire is unsatisfied, a person experiences tension that drives him or her to satisfy the need. People work hard to satisfy their needs and desires, and in this way they reduce their tension. From this straightforward approach to motivating employees, the key to facilitating motivation lies with managers accurately understanding what their employees want from their work. Using that knowledge, managers can more effectively channel employee effort toward organizational goals.â⬠(Simons and Enz 1995) A category of motivational models is based on the assumption that personal growth and achievement is a primary mot ivating force among employees. These models emphasize on giving ones best efforts to grow and develop as an individual or to advance within the organization. (Weaver 1988) This category of motivational theories includes Maslows theory of self-actualization and Herzbergs theory of maintenance factors and motivational factors. Maslows theory of self-actualisation has no relevance in the work environment of hourly employees. On the other hand, career-oriented and salaried employees are more likely to be motivated by assurances that the organization will provide opportunities to actualize their full potential. (Weaver 1988) Herzberg divided working conditions into two sets of factors: maintenance factors and motivational factors. According to Herzberg, company policies, technical supervision, interpersonal relationships, salary and status, job security, working conditions, and personal life are maintenance factors; while advancement, recognition, achievement, possibility for perso nal growth, responsibility, and the work itself are motivational factors. Herzberg believes that maintenance factors have no power to motivate workers. Many hotel managers might agree with this argument, since their early years in the industry were probably characterised by unfavourable maintenance factors, yet they continued their career due to the presence of Herzbergs motivational factors. (Weaver 1988) Another argument of Herzbergs two-factor theory, also known as the motivation-hygiene theory, divides need satisfactions into extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The extrinsic factors (e.g. salary, working conditions, and job security) lead to job dissatisfaction if not met, but will not necessarily contribute to job satisfaction when they are met. The intrinsic factors (e.g. work itself, achievement, and recognition) are the actual motivators; they fulfil an individuals need for psychological growth. The extrinsic factors, on the other hand, merely prevent dissatisfaction. (Ko vach 1987) However, the conditions of employment Herzberg views as motivational factors do not apply to the work of hourly employees. (Weaver 1988) Weaver (1988, 41) stated that ââ¬Å"Other models attempt to motivate employees by using psychological rewards or punishment or try to increase employees commitment and productivity by generating a sense of team or family spirit within the organization.â⬠These models may backfire instead since the overuse of threats or reprimands may serve as a strong force against motivation. ââ¬Å"Hostile and distrusting supervisors can dramatically shape employees working conditions, and, for many employees, can diminish motivation levels,â⬠argued Simons and Enz (1995, 23). McGregors Theory X and Theory Y and Ouchis Theory Z describe motivational approaches managers have employed specifically to motivate hourly employees. (Weaver 1988) Theory X operates in the assumption that employees are lazy and have a strong dislike for work. Managers who subscribe to this view believe that employees will not be productive unless they are continually prodded and are punished by disciplinary action or the threat of dismissal for low productivity. Theory Y is based on the assumption that an employees presence at the workplace indicates that he or she is willing to work. Proponents of Theory Y believe that guidance and positive feedback are sufficient to motivate hourly workers to work well. In recent years, many hotel chains have made a conscious change from Theory X to Theory Y management. A change from Theory X management to Theory Y management will generally show positive results, since people respond better to encouragement and compliments than to prodding and punishment. However, workers will not always be willing to put out 100 percent effort just because their supervisor is nice to them. In addition to that, Theory Z is based on the Japanese management model, which focuses on a strong company philosophy and a distinct corporate culture. Companies that develop a motivational model based on Theory Z try to convince employees that they are part of a team or family. Some hotels are instituting such motivational programs. Interestingly, Weaver (1988) found that hotel employees are often more cynical than employees in most other industries, perhaps because they work in an environment where they see how people really behave when they are away from home. Hourly employees in the hotel industry are fully aware of what their interest are and are not easily motivated by programs that they perceive as being nothing but hot air. Lee-Ross (2005, 256-7) stated that ââ¬Å"As long as an individuals job contains sufficient ââ¬Å"contentâ⬠variables such as skill variety and challenge, an outcome of high motivation and subsequent job satisfaction will result. He also argued that ââ¬Å"the other ââ¬Å"processâ⬠school contends that these outcomes depend not only on content variable s, but also on how workers evaluate the pros and cons of undertaking a job.â⬠Motivation factors including pay, monetary rewards, opportunity for advancement and promotion have been examined in the hotel industry. Also, other motivation factors such as job responsibility, recognition from people, job challenge, feelings of accomplishment, and development of self-esteem have been identified important for hotel employees.(Chiang and Jang 2008; Wong, Siu, and Tsang 1999) The importance of intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation for hotel employees also varies due to their intensive labour work, low pay, image of low status and few opportunities for advancement (Chiang and Jang 2008). In moving across cultures, motivational preferences become even more interesting. The preferences of employees are expected to differ across nations and cultures. (Fisher and Yuan 1998) It is valuable to know exactly what employees value, and whether subgroups of employees have differing pref erences, so that reward systems can be appropriately targeted. Often, superiors misperceive the relative importance of various job characteristics for their employees. ââ¬Å"To the extent that they do (misperceive), they may adopt less than optimal motivation strategies because they misunderstand employees needs and wants.â⬠(Fisher and Yuan 1998, 517) The lack of attachment or loyalty plays a large part in the high rate of turnover among hourly employees. It also accounts for the lack of success of motivational efforts based on company loyalty or the promise of career advancement and personal growth within a company. (Weaver 1988) In 1946, industrial employees were asked to rank ten ââ¬Å"job rewardâ⬠factors in terms of personal preference. The results were as follows: (Kovach 1987, 59) Full appreciation of work done; Feelings of being in on things; Sympathetic help with personal problems; Job security; Good wages; Interesting work; Promotion and growth in the organization; Personal loyalty to employees; Good working conditions; and Tactful discipline. By 1986, the list looked like this: Interesting work; Full appreciation of work done; Feeling of being in on things; Job security; Good wages; Promotion and growth in the organization; Good working conditions; Personal loyalty to employees; Tactful discipline; and Sympathetic help with personal problems. In addition to comparing the employees factor rankings, the survey done in 1986 analysed the employees responses by subgroups (e.g. age and income). The underlying assumption was that the motivational effectiveness of the factors might vary according to gender, age, income level, job type and/or organizational level. (Kovach 1987) The 40 years of studies done by Kovach shaped the belief held by many motivational programs that money does not matter. (Simons and Enz 1995) In addition to that, in 1946 and 1986, supervisors were asked to rank job rewards as they believed employees would rank them. Their rankings remained almost the same for each year: (Kovach 1987, 59) Good wages; Job security; Promotion and growth in the organization; Good working conditions; Interesting work; Personal loyalty to employees; Tactful discipline; Full appreciation of work done; Sympathetic help with personal problems; and Feeling of being in on things. The rankings show that supervisors have a very inaccurate perception of what motivates employees. However, in 1992, the replication done by Wiley (1997, 268) in hotel employees showed a completely different set of rankings: Good wages; Full appreciation of work done; Job security; Promotion and growth in the organization; Interesting work; Personal loyalty to employees; Good working conditions; Tactful discipline; Feeling of being in on things; and Sympathetic help with personal problems. This could be due to the fact that hotel workers differed substantially from industrial workers. This difference in rankings indicates the need for different managerial strategies for motivating hotel workers, relative to those used for industrial workers. Hotel employees ranked good wages first, which may be a result of the relatively low wages of service-sector jobs. (Simons and Enz 1995) A research done by Charles and Marshall (1992) showed that Caribbean hotel workers may not have the same motivational preferences as workers in developed countries. Whereas wages have not been found to be an important motivator in similar research conducted in developed countries, they were ranked highest among this group of Caribbean workers. Proper motivation of employees is vital as it is directly related with productivity and retention. Employees who are content with their jobs, who feel challenged, and who have the opportunity to fulfil their goals will exhibit less destructive behavi our on the job. They will be absent less frequently, they will be less inclined to change jobs, and, most importantly, they will produce at a higher level. (Kovach 1987) Considering the evident relationship between employee and customer satisfaction, different approaches were experimented in the attempt to improve employee satisfaction. ââ¬Å"Predictably, the list was led by compensation, although most anticipate this will become less important in the future. Employee recognition programs, the opportunity for career advancement and exposure to training followed in order of impact.â⬠(Cline 1997, 24) The concept that employees may prefer interesting work over good wages is interesting, but the early studies were based on workers in manufacturing industries. It seems very likely that hospitality workers preferences would differ from those of manufacturing workers in important ways (Simons and Enz 1995) as it has been shown in the research done by Wiley in 1997. When try ing to motivate workers, managers often forget that the desire to do the job must come from within the employee and not from the supervisor. The manager can set the stage for motivation to happen, but cannot force motivation to occur. The level of effort and the direction of that effort are set by workers, based on their perceptions of the most rational way to satisfy their personal desires. What managers can do is to take employee desires into account to create an environment where high effort, properly channelled, will give employees some measure of satisfaction. For many hospitality employees, this optimum motivational environment may involve some form of cash incentive and potential for advancement. For others, it will focus on security and good working conditions. In most cases, a positive, respectful work environment has the potential to facilitate employee retention and generally also to set the stage for excellent performance. (Simons and Enz 1995) An interesting point of view by Siu, Tsang, and Wong (1997) explains that job factors that are considered by employees to have the greatest motivating power are usually those that are least present in the job. The ever-changing nature of the hospitality industry has created and reinforced a turnover culture. Employees generally enter the industry with the belief that there is limited career development and promotional opportunity. (Iverson and Deery 1997) Essentially, the human element in the hotel industry constitutes the basic determining factor for effective performance. Because of this reason, hotel management should increase employees interest in their work and develop such organizational structure and management policies as to create need-satisfying environment in which a wider range of employee needs than merely the simply hygiene needs could be satisfied. (Chitiris 1988) Reference List Charles, K. R., and L. H. Marshall. 1992. Motivational Preferences of Caribbean Hotel Workers: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 4 (3): 25-9. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=525003Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 12, 2008). Cheng, A., and A. Brown. 1998. HRM Strategies and Labour Turnover in the Hotel Industry: A Comparative Study of Australia and Singapore. International Journal of Human Resource Management 9 (1): 136-54. Business Source Premier. 10.1080/095851998341233 https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=4176346site=ehost-live (accessed April 22, 2008). Chiang, C.-F., and S. Jang. 2008. An Expectancy Theory Model for Hotel Employee Motivation. International Journal of Hospitality Management 27 (2): 313-22. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBH-4PJ6BW2-1/1/c263c7282bebd86a1f575b9889839fd2 (accessed March 2, 2008). Chitiris, L. 1988. Herzbergs Proposals and Their Applicability to the Hotel Industry. Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research 12 (1): 67-79. SAGE Journals Online. https://jht.sagepub.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/cgi/reprint/12/1/67 (accessed March 10, 2008). Chitiris, L. 1990. Who Are the Work-Motivated Managers in the Hotel Industry An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Hospitality Management 9 (4): 293-304. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBH-45TVDPD-V/1/dc3138d2b7584e8be5f3c816e654bd07 (accessed March 14, 2008). Cline, R. S. 1997. The Value of Human Capital. Lodging Hospitality, 20-4. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=18765546Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 5, 2008). Deery, M. A., and R. N. Shaw. 1999. An Investigation of the Relationship between Employee Turnover and Organizational Culture. Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research 23 (4): 387-400. SAGE Journ als Online. https://jht.sagepub.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/cgi/reprint/23/4/387 (accessed April 24, 2008). Fisher, C. D., and X. Y. Yuan. 1998. What Motivates Employees? A Comparison of US and Chinese Responses. International Journal of Human Resource Management 9 (3): 516-28. Business Source Premier. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=4220004site=ehost-live (accessed April 24, 2008). Hackman, J. R., and G. R. Oldham. 1976. Motivation Through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 16 (2): 250-79. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7J20-4D5WNG6-HR/1/726828b8101dd8bf872a39fa064ee2ad (accessed April 25, 2008). Iverson, R. D., and M. Deery. 1997. Turnover Culture in the Hospitality Industry. Human Resource Management Journal 7 (4): 71-82. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=23350547Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 20, 2008 ). Karatepe, O. M., and A. Sokmen. 2006. The Effects of Work Role and Family Role Variables on Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes of Frontline Employees. Tourism Management 27 (2): 255-68. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V9R-4F6CRDP-1/1/adca5fff1a1b404535d326620d9fd47b (accessed April 14, 2008). Karatepe, O. M., and O. Uludag. 2007. Conflict, Exhaustion, and Motivation: A Study of Frontline Employees in Northern Cyprus Hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management 26 (3): 645-65. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBH-4KBX4S4-1/1/19f3bc55ac06bed4a46a6776772e067e (accessed March 24, 2008). Kovach, K. A. 1987. What Motivates Employees? Workers and Supervisors Give Different Answers. Business Horizons, 58-65. Business Source Premier. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=4530124site=ehost-live (accessed April 24, 2008). Lee-Ross, D. 1993. Two Styles of Hotel Manager, Two Styles of Worker. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 5 (4): 20-4. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=525107Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 4, 2008). Lee-Ross, D. 2005. Perceived Job Characteristics and Internal Work Motivation: An Exploratory Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Motivational Antecedents of Hotel Workers in Mauritius and Australia. The Journal of Management Development 24 (3): 253-66. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=858891291Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 13, 2008). Mitchell, T. R., and A. E. Mickel. 1999. The Meaning of Money: An Individual-Difference Perspective. Academy of Management Review 24 (3): 568-78. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/stable/pdfplus/259143.pdf (accessed April 24, 2008). Pizam, A., and S. W. Thornburg. 2000. Absenteeism and Voluntary Turnover in Central Florida Hotels: A Pilot St udy. International Journal of Hospitality Management 19 (2): 211-7. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBH-4090RYJ-B/1/a2e01fb9e334ca2af9fdb3b5eddf8b08 (accessed April 26, 2008). Riley, M., A. Ladkin, and E. Szivas. 2002. Tourism Employment: Analysis and Planning. Clevedon: Channel View Publications. Robbins, S. P., T. A. Judge, B. Millett, and T. Waters-Marsh. 2008. Organisational Behaviour. 5th ed. French Forest: Pearson Education Australia. Rowley, G., and K. Purcell. 2001. As Cooks Go, She Went: Is Labour Churn Inevitable? International Journal of Hospitality Management 20 (2): 163-85. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBH-42VV810-5/1/e8353302617abc7a391358b15a352284 (accessed April 26, 2008). Simons, T., and C. A. Enz. 1995. Motivating Hotel Employees: Beyond the Carrot and the Stick. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, Feb 1995. 20-7. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.cur tin.edu.au/pqdweb?index=0did=4683502SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=6VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1209126970clientId=22212 (accessed March 7, 2008). Siu, V., N. Tsang, and S. Wong. 1997. What Motivates Hong Kongs Hotel Employees? Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 38 (5): 44-9. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=18185362Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 17, 2008). Taylor, R., and D. Davies. 2004. Aspects of Training and Remuneration in the Accommodation Industry: A Comparison between Australian and Singaporean Providers. Journal of European Industrial Training 28 (6/7): 466-73. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=701328331Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 10, 2008). Weaver, T. 1988. Theory M: Motivating With Money. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, Nov 1988. 40-5. ABI/INFORM Global. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.cur tin.edu.au/pqdweb?index=3did=274882SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=6VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1209009749clientId=22212 (accessed March 2, 2008). Wiley, C. 1997. What Motivates Employees According to Over 40 Years of Motivation Surveys. International Journal of Manpower 18 (3): 263-80. Business Source Premier. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=95395site=ehost-live (accessed April 24, 2008). Wong, S., V. Siu, and N. Tsang. 1999. The Impact of Demographic Factors on Hong Kong Hotel Employees Choice of Job-Related Motivators. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 11 (5): 230-41. https://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/pqdweb?did=115921277Fmt=7clientId=22212RQT=309VName=PQD (accessed March 4, 2008). tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-87196838273478675642020-05-26T00:24:00.001-07:002020-05-26T00:24:04.300-07:00The Cape Less Undercover Heroes Essay - 1699 Words Have you ever seen the super hero that wears dark blue and a badge, but not wearing a cape? The person that is here to help in every way possible day or night no matter when or where? The ones who are here during the highest and lowest points for everyone because that is a part of their job. The ones who are here to help the people on this island, but most of the time are treated like the ââ¬Å"bad guysâ⬠. These undercover heroes are the people we all know as police officers. Many people donââ¬â¢t realize that they dont have an easy job. They are the ones who need to enforce the laws and are looked at as the ââ¬Å"bad guyâ⬠, but when they come to the rescue they are the ââ¬Å"good guyâ⬠. The book Non-traditional Careers for Women states that, ââ¬Å"Policeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Seatbelts are the most effective means of reducing deaths and serious injuries in traffic crashes. The vast majority of all injuries and deaths from traffic crashes are preventable . Through my survey almost 100% of officers said that many deaths could have been prevented if they were just wearing a seatbelt. This is one ticket that anyway you look at it will help to save your life. Speeding is going any faster than the posted speed limit even one mile over. Police have to make a judgment call as to whether your excessive speed, over the posted speed limit, or your slower pace, is impeding traffic or endangering other drivers, in any way. If this is so they can pull you over and give you a ticket. It may seem like a burden at that moment, but this could save a life and help to keep you and other drivers safe to. A stop sign is a tool used to help prevent accidents from happening. A stop sign is used to control traffic and is usually found at road junctions. Stop signs instruct drivers the right of way and to ensure proper notice is taken to avoid accidents. The word stop is in white on red octagonal design. When you see one at any corner or junction people kno w that they must come to a complete stop, behind the line and can proceed only if the way ahead is clear. This is a simple task but not very many people do it according to Officer Burns. An article in The Garden Island newspaperShow MoreRelatedJoker and Batman Essay9227 Words à |à 37 PagesWarner) to request more superheroes for their titles. In response, Bob Kane created a character called the Bat-Man.[2] His collaborator Bill Finger offered such suggestions as giving the character a cowl instead of a simple domino mask, wearing a cape instead of wings, wearing gloves, and removing the red sections from the original costume.[3] Finger came up with the name Bruce Wayne for the characters secret identity. In Jim Sterankos History of the Comics, vol. 1, Bill Finger reveals, BruceRead MoreOrganizational Beh.3758 Words à |à 16 Pageso o O L Stephen P. Robbins ââ¬âSan Diego State University Timothy A. Judge ââ¬âUniversity of Notre Dame PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Preface 22 1 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 7 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 38 What Managers Do 39 Management Functions 40 â⬠¢ ManagementRead MoreCompare and Contrast Functionalism and Structuralism14315 Words à |à 58 Pagessometimes show an unwillingness to help others in trouble. Kitty was raped too, and her story stimulated a massive programme of experimental social psychological research into the apparent paradox ââ¬â that the more people who witness an event like this, the less likely it will be that any one of them will do anything about it. This came to be called the ââ¬Ëdiffusion of responsibilityââ¬â¢ effect (about which you can learn more in Chapter 11). You may be shocked to learn that this story as told by Latanà © and DarleyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesleft blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins ââ¬âSan Diego State University Timothy A. Judge ââ¬âUniversity of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian MickelsonRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words à |à 658 Pagesbiotechs were associated with ââ¬Ëbiopharmaceuticalââ¬â¢ agents, for example recombinant insulin, the industryââ¬â¢s ï ¬ rst product, launched in 1982. Biopharmaceuticals have very speciï ¬ c effects (with arguably greater safety) and, thanks to their complexity, are far less vulnerable to generic competition. As a result, biopharmaceuticals became mainstream ââ¬â contributing a quarter of global sales by 2006 ââ¬â and leading players developed or acquired biological capabilities. Biotechs meanwhile broadened to pursue a huge tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-80039541166795600922020-05-19T02:13:00.001-07:002020-05-19T02:13:05.970-07:00Bad Policing . When A Person Thinks Of A Policeman, A Variety Bad Policing When a person thinks of a policeman, a variety of thoughts will probably come to his or her mind. Some people feel a sense of security or fear, while others have accomplished an actual camaraderie with policemen. Who feels safe? Who is fearful of police and why are they? The United States Constitutionââ¬â¢s Fifteenth Amendment says, ââ¬Å"The rights of citizens of the United States shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitudeâ⬠(United States Constitution). Since the abolishment of slavery and the Civil Rights Movement, African Americans thought they would be equally treated in this country, but they have yet to have their wishes come true. Manyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Today, there is a high number of black males that are incarcerated. People automatically assume when a police apprehends a black male that he will be going to jail. It is a well-established fact that racial and ethnic d isparities in arrest and incarceration are astronomical (Kutateladze and Lawson 980). Statistics show that despite making up only two percent of the total United States population, African American males between the ages of fifteen and twenty-four comprised more than fifteen percent of all deaths logged in 2015 by an ongoing investigation into the use of deadly force by police (alternet.org). Therefore, many black males no longer trust the police and think that the police are out to antagonize them. Even though the slavery of blacks ended in 1865, African Americans have since then still been mistreated and belittled. It is very scary situation once the people who are supposed to serve and protect begin enacting hate crime against blacks. The government may not say police brutality is a hate crime, but it is very much so. Deaths caused due to bad policing has dated all the way back to the early 1900s. Since Rodney Kingââ¬â¢s beating, up until the most recent victims, death changed the overall perspective of policemen. Some historians compare masters to modern day policemen because they show racial bias and kill many civilians as well. The tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-44975674899024091582020-05-15T06:59:00.001-07:002020-05-15T06:59:05.201-07:00Fast food in Japan - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 648 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Food Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Customer Service Essay Fast Food Essay McDonalds Essay Did you like this example? The article introduces the history of fast food in Japan. It mainly focuses on McDonalds, but it does mention a few other restaurants such as Kentucky Fried Chicken, MOS Burger, and Mr. Donut. These restaurants are thought more of a social gathering place for families and friends to get together and converse and spend time with one another. Usually, most of the food purchased is shared. Fast food is not new in Japan, a fact that evident by the big array of fast food options that are available. Most of these options can be classified as ââ¬Å"traditional Japanese fareâ⬠. Noodle shops at train stations, street vendors selling steamed sweat potatoes, chicken skewers, roasted corn on the cob, and boxed lunches are just a few of the many options available in Japan for a quick meal. The newest innovation to cuisine in Japan is the conveyor-belt sushi shops. It can be the ultimate quick food experience combing both traditional and modern characteristics of fast food deliver y. Pieces of sushi float past dinners on a conveyor belt on individual plates. The customer can then choose the pieces they want and drink tea from self service spigots right at their seats. These sushi shops are able to offer dinners quick service, with little, to no interaction with the staff. The article goes on to discuss how a personââ¬â¢s definition of fast food in Japan differs with age. The English term ââ¬Å"fast foodâ⬠translated into Japanese is fuasuto fudo. The food to which it refers to differs among whom you ask. Everyone has his or her own opinion of what fast food is. To some, it could be a piece of fruit bought at a convenience store for a snack, and to someone it else it could be a bowl of noodle soup. In America fast food is synonymous with unhealthy options, high in fat and calories. In Japan, it mostly refers to food that can be purchased easily and eaten quickly. To most people in Japan the symbolic golden arches of McDonalds is very familiar. T o others, they know what it is but have never eaten there. It is usually Japanese families with children and teens and young adults that frequent McDonalds. For the families is usually a special time. Most Japanese families only eat together once or twice a week, so itââ¬â¢s a special time for the family to be together. This outing to McDonalds turns into a precious memory for the family. The family would enter the restaurant and the mother would immediately go stand in line and order and pay for the food. The father would take the children to sit down and talk and entertain them until their mother returned with the food. When the Mother returned she would place the French fries in the middle of the table and the whole family would share. They would also share and pass around to each other hamburgers, and chicken nuggets, milk shakes and apple pies. The food did not belong to any one member in the family, it was shared by the whole family. It was common among couples and fr iends to share this way too. Although fast food chains here and in Japan look the same, and have the same menu, thatââ¬â¢s where the similarities end. The most important role of food in Japan is to bring people together and give a sense of communityâ⬠Ohnuki-Tierney is quoted as saying in the article. He goes on to say ââ¬Å"Sharing food strengthens bonds among family and friends by establishing intimacy in the social relationship. I think this article does not really give a good representation of fast food in Japan. It gives us a very good idea why families frequent fast food places together and how they interact while there. We read a lot about McDonalds in Japan and read very little of other restaurants. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Fast food in Japan" essay for you Create order tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-12264330483408310652020-05-06T21:30:00.001-07:002020-05-06T21:30:29.764-07:00Business Plan for a Night Club - 5490 Words Prepared By: Anthony DiGiacomo Omar Lindo Nicole Terry Rachel Buckley Chris Tribble Jeff Owens Table of Contents Topic Page # #61623; Executive Summary 4 #61623; Mission Statement 8 #61623; Description of the Venue 10 Company Summary 11 Start-up Summary 12 Business Description 15 #61623; Market Analysis 16 Market Analysis Summary 17 Market Segmentation 18 Chart 1 Ãâ" Total UCONN Enrollment 19 Demographic Statistics 20 Target Market Segment Strategy 23 Service Business Analysis 26 Main Competitors 27 Strategy and Implementation Strategy 30 #61623; Marketing Plan 32 Marketing Strategyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Liquor $1,000 Misc. Supplies $1,000 Ice Machine $4,000 Soft Drink Dispensers $2,000 Coffee Machine $200.00 Microwave $300.00 Administration Systems $9,200 Internet Web Site $5,000 Initial Working Capital $40,000 Total = $292,850.00 Not included in start-up costs - Staff wages - Liquor Tax - Sales Tax - Any additional state or provincial taxes Business Description The emergence of a need for a place to have fun in the Mansfield/Storrs area represents a unique opportunity for a high-energy, dance-theme venue. The Meccas central location, demographics, and lack of direct competition are major advantages to this project. The proposed venue will provide a local solution to the lack of social atmosphere. It will be a live entertainment venue that will be geared primarily toward the 18-35 age group in the Greater Hartford area. The Mecca will specialize in high-energy themes, and will offer beer, wine and an array of liquors and mixed drinks. In addition, the venue will sell non-alcoholic beverages such asShow MoreRelated Sample Nigthclub Business Plan Essay874 Words à |à 4 Pages Sample Nightclub Business Plan (www.bplans.com) BackgroundSummary The generation of today has a lot of focus on leisure and off-time. They are looking for ways to escape their everyday lives and let loose. Whether that is dancing to new age music, having a few cocktails, or dining out with reasonably priced food. A nightclub can provide all these accommodations, and is the perfect venue to open up is done with some thoughtful planning. There are some important elements to consider. Location isRead MoreEssay about Creating a Business Plan1119 Words à |à 5 Pagesyou are heading in the future. That is why before you can start a business you need to draw up a detailed business plan. Business plans are considered blueprints. A business plan is what is needed to get your business off the ground and to attract potential investors. 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Type: bar and restaurant for young people Category: II. class Service method: plate service Menu type: Aââ¬â¢la Carte Opening hours: Sunday to Wednesday 10:00-22:00 Thursday to Saturday 13:00-05:00 No day off Target market: students, tourists and residents Location: Budapest, Margit kà ¶rà ºt Few steps from Margaret Island Easy to reach by tram Seating capacity: 120 (80+40) 1st floor: kitchen area, 80 seated restaurant, bar, armchairsRead MoreThe Human Resource Management Of Training1633 Words à |à 7 PagesThis report discusses how the human resource management of training is affecting my workplace at the North Ryde Golf Club. The Clubââ¬â¢s background will be surmised and the issue of training and why it needs improving will be addressed, evidence will be given to what areas need improving. Research will be drawn upon from the prescribed text and various other sources including a comparative study to the organisation of McDonaldââ¬â¢s which has successful training systems in place. The comparison will allowRead MoreOpening a Nightclub for the Over 21 Crowd1418 Words à |à 6 Pagesyears old. This nightclub is of interest to the author because she is very passionate about it and this type of business had always been the authorââ¬â¢s dream. This chapter will discuss the relevant literature related to a) Customer service, b) License for restaurants and bars, and c) Types of entertainment. Review of Literature Customer service The author knows that a business will not succeed if the employees do not give the customers a quality customer service. Customers are most likelyRead MoreWhat Makes An Effective Leader? Essay717 Words à |à 3 PagesHBR s 10 must reads on leadership. (2011). Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business Review Press. Article 1: What Makes an Effective Leader Central Theme: Article one focuses on the idea that in order to have an efficient or successful environment, whether it be a business, project, or group, a leader must be effective in their way of working and addressing such environment. The first article focuses not only in what a leader needs to do but why those factors characterize an effective leader. An effectiveRead MoreInterpersonal1363 Words à |à 6 PagesHunter Davis-Interpersonal Communication Fight Club Fight Club, a 1999 American film, is a brilliantly constructed film of escaping reality and dealing with pain in the famous art form of fighting. Director David Flincher adapted the film from the 1996 novel. Main actors, Brad Pitt as Tyler Durden and Edward Norton as the narrator, act excellently as they deal with their reality by celebrating violence in underground fight clubs. The narrator becomes involved in a relationship triangle betweenRead MoreEssay on Ssi Case Distribution1537 Words à |à 7 Pagespopularity of warehouse club stores threatened candy and tobacco jobbers. Small mom-and-pop grocery or convenience stores were able to purchase many products they needed at these warehouse clubs at the same price or less than what the distributors offered. Furthermore, the warehouse clubs provided a one-stop shopping experience so that the grocery stores could purchase a wider range of products at the club store than was sold by any one candy and tobacco distributor. For example, a club store may offer a tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-68891068103364819192020-05-06T16:16:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:16:29.729-07:00The Teacher Will Ask The Students - 981 Words A. Hook/Launch: Estimated Time = 5-10 1. The teacher will begin by telling students that February is Black History Month. The teacher will explain that there are a variety of ââ¬Å"heritage monthsâ⬠: Irish-American, Jewish, Puerto Rican, Womenââ¬â¢s, etc. The teacher will ask the students ââ¬Å"Why is it important to have these observances?â⬠The expected response is that it provides cultural diversity. 2. The teacher will ask ââ¬Å"Why is it important to know about other culture?â⬠The teacher will bring up the concept of ââ¬Å"Ethnocentrism.â⬠The teacher will write the word on the whiteboard and ask students what it means. If necessary, the teacher will ask the students ââ¬Å"What does ethno mean?â⬠and ââ¬Å"What does centrism mean?â⬠The teacher will explain thatâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are many who argue correctly that Black history is American history. 5. The teacher will then explain that he or she wishes to tie Black History Month to the topic that the class has been covering: World War II. The teacher will say ââ¬Å"A lot of Black History Month has to do with remembering the movement from slavery to have an African-American president; it is about civil rights. The teacher will then ask ââ¬Å"When we think of World War II, whatââ¬â¢s the first thing that comes to mind?â⬠The intended answer is the Holocaust (the teacher will guide answers, if necessary). The teacher will ask what the Holocaust was, who it affected, etc. The teacher will then point out that the Holocaust had some underlying themes that were similar to the culture of discrimination and racism in American at the time of World War II. At this point the teacher will move to the ââ¬Å"Teachingâ⬠section outlined below. B. Teaching: Estimated Time = 25-30 Minute 1. The teacher will distribute copies of ââ¬Å"Civil Rights during World War II Timelineâ⬠handout. 2. The teacher will present the ââ¬Å"Civil Rights during World War IIâ⬠PowerPoint via projector. a. Slide 1 ââ¬â This slide can be displayed while the teacher is distributing the handouts. b. Slide 2 ââ¬â The teacher will begin by asking about societal values pre-1983. Expected responses include discrimination and segregation. i. Jim Crow Laws ââ¬â The teacher will point tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-71531038748309212952020-05-06T05:26:00.001-07:002020-05-06T05:26:05.482-07:00Bacterial Nucleoid-associated Proteins Question: Analyze the effect of various transcriptional regulatory proteins. Answer: An operon is a particular portion of genetic material that acts as a functioning unit and is composed of a cluster of genes that are controlled under a single promoter. In the process of transcription, there are two types of operons and those are, lac-operons or inducible operons and repressible operons (Dillon Dorman, 2010). A lac-operon is a unit composed of genetic material that is activated in the response to the presence of some particular chemicals. Repressible operon is an operon, whose transcription reduces when a particular substance mainly the end products of any biosynthetic pathway is present. The regulatory proteins are basically the product of the regulatory genes of an operon. An mRNA is produced by the regulatory genes of the operon that produces a repressor protein, which in turn binds to the operator site of the lac-operon. This lac repressor protein is also known as regulatory protein as it prevents the transcription of the structural genes by keeping away the RNA polymerase (Schleif, 2010). References: Dillon, S. C., Dorman, C. J. (2010). Bacterial nucleoid-associated proteins, nucleoid structure and gene expression.Nature Reviews Microbiology,8(3), 185-195. Schleif, R. (2010). AraC protein, regulation of the l-arabinose operon in Escherichia coli, and the light switch mechanism of AraC action.FEMS microbiology reviews,34(5), 779-796. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-53017862014121135782020-05-05T18:59:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:59:09.083-07:00Predicting The Intention Use On Accounting -Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Predicting The Intention Use On Accounting? Answer: Introduction This report depicts the importance of using advanced Accounting Information System (AIS) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system for managing large set of information with high level of security and time and service efficiency as well in B Bakery. It helps the company to gain effective success and competitive advantages from the marketplace (Sriyono 2017). Different business processes are there and based on the background of B Bakery the most suitable business process is needed to be incorporated by the company. In order to resolve the issues of finance management B Bakery should adopt MYOB software package for their company. Defining the business process The business process is referred to as a series of steps those are collectively performed by the stakeholders group of the company in order to achieve the business goal. Business process is a wide range of structured, chained, tasks and activities those are widely conducted by the stakeholders and the specific equipments of the company to deliver service and products (Tam 2017). In order to accomplish the predetermined goal of organization business processes are needed to be determined by B Bakery. In each of the organizational level, the business processes might occur. These kinds of processes are sometimes visible to the consumers and sometimes these are not visible to the consumers. Three different types of business processes are there such as management processes, operational processes and supporting processes (Wagle and Maiya 2015). It is the responsibility of the management head of B Bakery to make sure that the business operations are running successfully. With the help of the management process, the operation of a system could be governed. In order to create the primary value stream a process that constitutes core business of the organization should be incorporated (Seck 2017). The different examples of business processes include invoice, shipping, order receiving, personal data update; determine marketing and other budgets for the business process. Role of a baker in B bakery The main role of a baker is to made fresh baked treats with affective aroma and fragrance for the consumers. In order to grab new consumers from different geographical boundary it is necessary to deliver the products with affordable price (Rajasa and Faturachman 2015). This family owned bakery holds around 70 employees and due to its affordable price and product tastes the revenue of the company has increased up to $13.5 Million in the last few years. Due to its business performance it has gained mixed business experience from the past few years . However, due to lack of managerial approaches, B Bakery failed to produce some of the products with affordable price in the competitive market. While preparing food they must try to make it better than the other bakery stores to gain effective revenue and competitive advantages as well. Discussion on the business activities or process of B bakery In addition to this, they are also responsible to attract their consumers through turning their company into industrial bakery store. With the growing numbers of products and employees, the management of the products and employees also become very difficult. In order to manage them B Bakery has incorporated Accounting Information System (AIS) in their company (Mayasari 2015). For managing the expansion of the company, this accounting software stands helpful. It helps the company to track all the financial details and transaction details as well. In order to improve the rate of its earning profit, specialized accounting software is needs to be incorporated by the company (Magerer 2017). In order to maintain the confidential information the company has adopted the below business process: Development of accounts for the consumers of B Bakery Development of vendor accounts Bank accounts should be created for the employees Providing proper security to the accounts to avoid external assaults Account charts should be enhanced accurately Availability of both offline and online payment processes Different processes those are indispensible to be performed In order to boost up the productivity of the employees who are working for B Bakery it is necessary to utilize the essence of time management tools accurately. Time taken for billing and accounting is the reason for lost of web browsing, social media check and other distractions. Due to lack of organizational management the company is facing this issues majorly throughout (Kamaruddin and Ramli 2017). From analyzing different survey it has been found that, most of the medium and large companies are facing time waste as a issue due lack of processes. Proper project management tool is needed to be used by the project head to overcome the organizational challenges. Particularly for B Bakery the main challenge that was interrupting the company to gain effective revenue is lack of accounting management aspects. In order to maintain and track the details of financial transaction of the company it is necessary to install accurate Accounting software Package in terms of SAP, MYOB. Based upon the requirement of the consumer and employees the company should select the most suitable accounting software package for their company (Darmawan, and Nugroho 2016). Considering the business objectives the most suitable package is needed to be selected. The two most vital and specific requirements of B Bakery are maintenance of the business requirements and running those aspects accurately (Choong 2016). The efforts must be done for increasing the revenue of the company. At the same time the finance management can be done if the company uses SAP software. Outcomes required from these processes for achieving business objectives From the existing business background of B Bakery it has been found that the company is facing major challenges due to lack of financial management. In order to track and monitor the financial structure of the company, it is necessary for the company to adopt proper Accounting Software Package (ASP). With the growing time phase the number of information are also increasing respectively for which the data management is also becoming difficult for the company (Arcega et al. 2015). The company is willing to expand their business in the upcoming future and in order to make it possible adoption of accounting software stands to be the most helpful one. For gaining volatility, this particular accounting software package is very much helpful. For reducing the organizational complex situation, this approach is very much helpful. In order to achieve the business objectives, the range of outcomes those are required includes the following: Time saving: Compared to manual bookkeeping system this particular approach is very much helpful as it helps to save lots of time (Alfred 2014). This package has the ability to front process simultaneously end documentation as well. Cash flow management: The route of transaction from the consumers account to company accounts become save and secure due to the implementation of AS. Scalable solution: Apart from these benefits the objectives in terms of getting scalable solution and computerized solution become also adoptable from the consumers end with the elp of accounting software. Continuous financial monitoring: In order to maintain and monitoring the financial records of the company Accounting Software is useful over manual bookkeeping. Some possible software features or functionalities that the firm should consider for achieving their IT investment objectives In order to achieve as per the company requirements the possible features of all the Accounting Software are required to respectively analyze (Choong 2016). The main objective of the Company is to keep and maintain the transactional records accurately through Accounting Software Package. Based upon the requirements the IT level investments are needed to be done. The common features of the AS are as follows: It can document back end transaction. Apart from this, the additional features from which the company could create check and even deposit in the banks. It can also generate feedback or invoice through this solution The possible functionalities those should be considered to achieve the objectives of OT investment are as follows: Windows XP, Windows SP 2 and Widows 7 In the company file around a 35 MB disk space is needed Microsoft office of version 2000, 2007 are needed 1 GHZ Pentium Intel Processor with a 1 GB RAM For Apple QuickTime minimum v7 Free hard disk 200 MB for installing program Visit the websites of account software package vendors The websites those have been visited are as follows: MYOB: https://www.myob.com/au XERO: https://www.xero.com/ SAP: https://www.sap.com/india/index.html Suitable accounting software suitable for the firm After analyzing the application detail, operational and functional activities those are generally served by the software package it has been found that, through different online software packages are available in the market such as MYOB, XERO, SaaSu, Reckon, SAP etc but still for B Bakery the most suitable accounting software is MYOB. It helps the company to gain effective business level solution in terms of time management budget management. In addition to this, it also helps the company to overcome different obstacles by reducing the human level errors. It provides useful as well as added service capability to the consumers. The rates of resource availability are also referred to as enough in case of MYOB (Darmawan and Nugroho 2016). The rate of subscription packages is also affordable compared to other vendors. The features for which the company has decided to adopt the MYOB software package include reliability, flexibility, disaster recovery, application resilience and information backup. Comparison and contrast between XERO and MYOB Details of the factors that have been considered MYOB XERO Access and setup The MYOB accounting software is absolutely online and the different devices through which it can be used include computers, tablets and mobile phones (Daru 2015) XERO is one of the most widely used accounting software that helps to integrated and secures the detail financial structure of the company. Updates Data updates took place automatically The system and data updates are available automatically Back up Constant online backup and security is present Continuous online backup and security is present as well for XERO and its services Multiple access of users Yes Yes Easy for usage Good Good and it can work faster than others. Reporting speediness In case of MYOB the reporting approach took longer time. It also helps to report run one at a time It can report faster than the others. It could also run multiple reports at once in the browser tabs (Kamaruddinand Ramli 2017). Quotes A quotation system is also offered by MYOB It also offers quotation system and can also convert automatically into active jobs Feedback or invoice It could send feedback Invoice is available Payroll Payroll is available for single person. However more number of staffs needs a different version of MYOB. Payroll approach is present Login approaches of the employees Available only as a paid add on The staffs could access the personal portal of the employees and additionally can also download payment summaries, pay slip and can also request for lodge leave Debt follow up Present Present. It means through follow up debt the company could match the business. Claimed expenses No availability It could handle the claimed expenses separately. It can do good job in accounting for the claimed expense. Cost Based on the background of the business the overall system cost varies accordingly. The subscription package of the software package varies accordingly. Different versions, plan and add on s are available in case of MYOB. The offers served by the company are sometimes referred to as a most confusing one. The price for XERO accounting software is absolutely simple and it starts from $25 (Mayasari 2015). However the plan for $50 is absolutely suitable for the users with up to 5 staffs. Payroll approach is also available. It also allows superannuation for only just $10. Learning software From online users could learn about the software through online learning. Through online help, online videos, Xero TV learn is possible. Selection of the most suitable vendor of the bakery Different accounting software packages are available in the market such as SAP, XERO MYOB etc but based on the background of the business the most accurate vendor is needed to be chosen by B Bakery (Rajasa and Faturachman 2015). After analyzing the features and subscription package details of all of these different accounting software packages it has been found that installation of MYOB stands to be most suitable one for the bakery company. In order to manage large set of data accounting software is referred to as one of the most suitable tool that could be used widely by the companies. Even also in B Bakery due to sudden business expansion the number of employees and data are also getting increased. Management of those data is very much necessary to obtain successful market revenue from the competitive market (Sriyono 2017). The different features of MYOB for which B Bakery should adopt this accounting software packages are as follows: Real time data processing: The accounting software package has the ability to record all necessary data including updated statement of income of the employees, balance sheet as well. In addition to this, with this system the company would be able to manage the accounts specially the real time cash-flow instead of the relying worksheet. Operation on integrate system: This particular accounting software package could be operated in the integrated systems (Wagle and Maiya 2015). With the help of the integrated system the total time of financial transaction could be minimized and also the rate of error in accounts also gets minimized accordingly. Easy to use: According to the features of the MYOB accounting software it is very easy to use thus it is user friendly. It means that the user can use this particular software easily without any kind of system complexity (Tam 2017). In addition to this, online feedback or invoice options are also present in its application which implies that, user can get access of it user ability and based upon that they can select whether this accounting software can be used or not. Presence of basic budget tool: Apart from above system features, MYOB accounting software holds basic budget tool through which the company will be able to calculate its revenue details accordingly. Security: The MYOB software is very much secured from the users and employee perspectives (Sriyono 2017). All the account holders have their own password through which only the authorized users could access the accounts details. On the other hand the users who do not have the account details are unable to access the account. Ability to data backup: The other features associated to the accounting software package are automatic data backup, disaster recovery and application resilience (Rajasa and Faturachman 2015). It means that, due to external assault if any information gets lost from the server then, MYOB software has the ability to store the data as in terms of backup form. Conclusion For developing the business process the features of the Accounting Software Packages are needed to be considered. It has been found that, based on the possible objectives proper IT based investment is also needed to be done by B Bakery. MYOB, Xero, SAP are the different Accounting Software Packages those should be incorporated to the company to gain effective solution from the company. However, based on the software features it can be said that, B Bakery should implement MYOB accounting software package. References Aduamoah, M., Yinghua, S., Anomah, S. and Ahmed, F., 2017. Riding the Waves of Technology: A Proposed Model for the Selection of Appropriate Computerized Accounting Software for Implementation in SMEs in Developing Countries.Archives of Business Research,5(12). Alfred, B., 2014.Impact of Computerized Accounting on Performance of Payroll Accounting: Case Study of Urban Water and Sewerage of Authorities(Doctoral dissertation, The Open University of Tanzania). Arcega, C.K., Datinguinoo, E., Guerra, J., Guno, C., Mayuga, H.J., Villamena, E. and Manongsong, J.L., 2015. Computerized vs. Non-computerized Accounting System of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lipa City, Philippines: A Comparative Analysis.Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Business Administration,1(1). Choong, C.M., 2016.Goods and Services (GST) Accounting System for Malaysian Retailing Company(Doctoral dissertation, UTAR). Darmawan, R. and Nugroho, M.A., 2016. The Development of Vlogging as Learning Media to Improve Students Learning Enthusiasm on MYOB Manufacture (Debt Card) Material.Kajian Pendidikan Akuntansi Indonesia,5(3). Daru, M.U., 2015. Role of computerized accounting in banking sector.International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences,4(2), pp.26-34. Dimitriu, O. and Matei, M., 2014. A new paradigm for accounting through cloud computing.Procedia economics and finance,15, pp.840-846. Kamaruddin, M.I.H. and Ramli, N.M., 2017. A Case Study of Internal Control Practices in Islamic Non-Profit Organisations in Malaysia.Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance,8, pp.13-25. Madurapperuma, M.W., 2015. The impact of embedding information and communication technology content in accounting courses and its effect on overall students performance. Magerer, L.K., 2017.A Mobile based accounting and sales management system for small retail shops(Doctoral dissertation, Strathmore University). Magerer, L.K., 2017.A Mobile based accounting and sales management system for small retail shops(Doctoral dissertation, Strathmore University). Mayasari, M., 2015. The Influence of Personal Characteristics, Interaction:(Computer/Individual), Computer Self-efficacy, Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology to Computer Anxiety in use of Mind your Own Business Accounting Software.International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues,5(1S). Rajasa, A. and Faturachman, F., 2015. Predicting the Intention to Re-Use on Accounting Application Software (The Case of Accurate Application Software Users in Indonesia). Sallem, N.R.M., Nasir, N.E.M., Nori, W.M.N.W.M. and Kassim, C.K.H.C.K., 2017. Small and medium enterprises: Critical problems and possible solutions.International Business Management,11(1), pp.47-52. Seck, K., 2017. Employment: Accountant liable as third party accessory to client's fair work breaches.LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, (35), p.78. Sriyono, H., 2017. Effect of Tutorial Instructional Strategy and Drill in Using MYOB Accounting in Vocational High School Bekasi West Java Province.repository,7(4). Tam, A., 2017. Job Matching and Pushing Software System Final Report. Wagle, K.U. and Maiya, U., 2015. A study on gap between skills acquired during accounting education skills needed by the accounting profession.Asia pacific journal of research issn (print),2320, p.5504. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-66473997095599838642020-04-14T04:48:00.001-07:002020-04-14T04:48:04.014-07:00Art Museum Essay SampleArt Museum Essay SampleAn art museum essay sample should help you in getting the job done that you have been waiting for. For many people, the art museum is one of the best places where they can indulge their love for a particular form of art. The best part is that these museums also provide an educational experience to the visitors who want to learn about this form of art.This art museum essay sample must involve some analysis about the different forms of art and the art history. It should be researched and you must be able to extract important facts from it. This essay sample must also contain enough information about the art that the museum displays.To be successful in your research, you will have to write the article in a more creative way. Do not be afraid to express your thoughts, and express yourself. In fact, your unique style of writing can be incorporated in the essay. You just have to keep in mind that the essay should tell everything you know about the museum.Writing an e ssay is not a problem but you will need to be patient while you are writing the essay. Your topic should not only give a picture of the museum but it should also bring something new to the table. You have to be creative and include some facts that people can relate to.The art museum essay sample should make a compelling argument for the viewer to buy tickets or enter the museum. The essay must be good enough to make them decide for themselves. If you do not follow the basic rules of writing an essay, then you may end up with a bad paper.You may have a lot of ideas and concepts on how to improve the essay but you should remember that you need to start with a blank paper. The paper is only as good as the idea that you start with. You should not skip the idea that you have on how to make a better essay. You must be able to come up with a topic in which you have studied a little bit.You should be prepared to write the essay because people like to see a clear presentation. Many people ar e not used to having someone else write the essay for them. A professional essay writer is very helpful here.In the art museum essay sample, you can get some assistance from your college, if you have any. Some colleges would have a professional tutor that will help you with your essays. They can also write the essay for you. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-16959268841431437112020-04-12T18:27:00.001-07:002020-04-12T18:27:03.168-07:00Viverra Motors Company Operations Management Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction Purchasing and inventory management differences Possible solutions to the problems Restructuring suggestions Conclusion References Executive Summary Operation management is a branch of management which deals with purchasing and inventory management. It also touches on design and overseeing various business operations. It is concerned with the steps that are necessary to supply chain management.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Viverra Motors Company Operations Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Viverra Motors is a company that had committed some essential business operation errors. In order to circumvent these challenges the companyââ¬â¢s purchasing and inventory systems should be adjusted. These adjustments will have far reaching effects on the future development of the company. The recommendations that will be provided in this paper include improv ing transportation and logistics, purchasing and inventory management. However, first of all, the company should reduce new acquisitions. In order to do this, the company should identify areas of competency and pay more attention to these areas. The company can also outsource the services that other companies can offer without compromising on quality. Introduction Operation management is a branch of business that deals with the movement of products through the production chain. It also deals with the processes involved in the acquisition of raw materials, as well as the processes that are involved into production of the end products. Major levels of operation management are strategic, tactical, and operational. Strategic level deals with all activities and decisions that go into production chains. It involves decisions concerning size and location of plants. Purchasing and inventory management differences Each dealership is supplied by a different supplier and deals with different s uppliers in the process of car production. Each dealership should therefore be strengthened to make decisions might have a positive effect on the process of car production.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each supplier has its own strengths and weaknesses and the companyââ¬â¢s dealerships should deal with the suppliers on an individual basis. As a consequence, each dealership of a company should design a unique supply chain management system to fit its current position (Cooper Ellram, 1993). The core areas of operation management are: Supply Chainsââ¬âthis involves the management of all aspects of management that are involved into providing goods to customers. The emphasis is laid on the processes of acquisition of raw materials to the end of a productsââ¬â¢ life. All the stages that go into the product life cycle (introduction stage, growth, maturity, saturatio n and decline stages), including disposal, are considered. Operation Management/Marketing Interfaceââ¬âthis is concerned with finding out what the customers like and see as important. This is necessary to produce what the customers want. Operation Management/Finance Interface ââ¬â this is an area that comprises of the cash value of the company. It roughly estimates the financial worth of the firm. Service Operations ââ¬â this consolidates the characteristics of services that go into production. Operations Strategy ââ¬â this lays down the strategies the company will follow in production. It should agree with the overall strategies of the company. Process Design and Improvements ââ¬â this manages all the innovations within the company. All the innovations are protected by this section of operation management. It also seeks financial assistance for the innovations. All these activities can be broadly classified as follows: Strategic level includes such aspects Th e number, location, and size of warehousing and other facilities needed by the company. Development of partnerships as the desirable arrangements with suppliers, distributors, and customers. Creating effective communication channels. Controlled product life cycle management. Where and when to buy products. Agreeing all the strategies of the company. Tactical level suggests such actions Finding contracts for the company. Decisions involving scheduling and planning of production. Customer satisfaction decisions Transport and logistics decisions Knowing the competitors Operational level suggests Planning production and distribution Scheduling- for all manufacturing plants of the company. Estimating future demand. Managing inventory- receiving and storage of stock Accounting for system failures and leakages Weaknesses of current purchasing and inventory management Reliance on forecasts: The current purchasing (procurement) system of the company is over reliant on forecasts whic h are based on the past trends. While this is a good practice, it is worth noting that the quality of the results obtained is highly dependent on the quality of data used to generate them. Employee competence often influences the quality of forecasts. In order to solve this problem, mechanisms to train employees should be put in place. Excessive focus on reducing costs: Viverra motors is interested in supporting its ââ¬Å"one price ââ¬â lowest priceâ⬠concept. Focusing solely on this concept is a potential area of weakness. This may encourage the purchasing managers to choose price over quality. Low priced service parts may not meet the customersââ¬â¢ expectations. If this happens, the customer might end up in spending more in the long run. This has the potential to damage the reputation the company has worked hard to gain. This concept is a good concept, but if not executed correctly, it can permanently damage the reputation of the company.Advertising We will writ e a custom report sample on Viverra Motors Company Operations Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unplanned acquisition: The new acquisition appears to have been hurried and not well planned. It is the fourth dealership in a metropolis of over one million people. The nature of the new dealership makes it difficult for Viverra motors to maximize profits. The company relies on fast movement of goods and high volume of sales to make profit. The new ââ¬Å"auto-supermarketâ⬠requires more space because it deals with more than one make of car. This can also bring undue competition to existing dealerships of Viverra motors. This competition can arise if the new dealership will focus on the production of stock cars and service parts which are already being sold by other dealerships. Economies of scale will be hard to realize in such a setting. Poor selection of suppliers: The system is currently relying on a great number of supp liers. This is a potential danger for the company. Each supplier has its own way of doing things and the company may suffer a setback when it has to deal with many suppliers. It may slow down the progress of the company. Increased cost of running business: cost of running business will keep going up as the company increases the number of dealerships and products in each dealership. More products require more space. The company is already experiencing financial constraints brought in by the new dealership. Poor location design: The metropolis has a population of one million people. There is an additional half a million people outside the metropolis (Masters, 1993). This gives the company an estimated target customer population of one and half million people. This total population is not commensurate with the number of dealerships in the metropolis. Acquiring new dealerships will saturate the market leading to decreased volume of sales.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Possible solutions to the problems In order to circumvent the problems mentioned above, the following recommendations should be considered. Outsourcing: the company should outsource some of the activities that do not constitute its core business. This will enable the company to focus on key competencies while letting others do some things on its behalf. The company should identify companies that can provide services of the required quality at a lower cost. Services such as warehousing can be outsourced. The company is experiencing shortage of space, and it means that partners should be sought to provide this crucial service. This will ensure that Viverra motors saves money that can be used to finance the core business. Provision of service parts can also be outsourced to a reputable partner. However, since the company has gained a good reputation in servicing and repairing vehicles, it should retain it. This aspect of the business is crucial to the company as it attracts new custome rs and helps retain existing customers. Outsourcing is critical to any company as it enables it to run the business effectively and efficiently. Co-owning: instead of acquiring new businesses, the company can opt to buying some stakes in companies it is interested in. Viverra motors should have acquired some shares in the new dealership as this would have enabled it to share logistics management and inventory management responsibility. Each partner would then bring in its key competencies and enable the dealership to move to great heights in terms of customer service and profit maximization (Lee, and Billington, 1993). Focus on quality: the company should focus more on customer satisfaction and quality of services offered (Ketchen, Hult, 2006). The quality of the products and services should meet or exceed customer expectations at all times. Focusing on cost of the end product only diverts attention from the customer. This may result in a situation of self preoccupation. Customers do not want to deal with companies that are preoccupied with self image. Just- in- time inventory management: the company has run out of space, thus it is in a great need of using innovative methods of inventory management. A lot of expenses will be reduced if the company does not hold stock for long (Cooper, Lambert, Pagh, 1997). Just-in-time is system of inventory management that ensures a company does not stay with any particular stock longer than it is necessary. This system enables a company to order stock just before it is needed. After stock is received, it spends a short time in the companyââ¬â¢s warehouses thus reducing cost of warehousing and creating a room for new orders. This system requires very accurate forecasts and reliable suppliers. If the suppliers are not reliable, then the company will not incur the cost of missing the stock. This cost can be huge and make a great damage to a company (Cohen, and Lee, 1989). This system also ensures that the time a product s pends in the supply chain is shortened. Money saved can be used to run other aspects of the business. The system will also encourage the company to invest in what the customers want and, as a consequence, minimize the wastage. Supplier selection: Viverra motors can benefit from careful selection of suppliers. A thorough research and background check of the suppliers will enable the company to establish a partnership with reputable and reliable suppliers (Mentzer, 2001). Some suppliers may provide products cheaply but, at the same time, with inferior quality. Some may provide high quality goods but at a very high cost. Both situations are undesirable for Viverra motors. Viverra motors should aim at striking a balance between cost and quality of products. The suppliers who are reliable are selected. Transport and logistics: efficient transport and logistics systems should be put in place. This ensures that the amount of time spend on movement of products along the supply chain is sign ificantly reduced (Rainbird, 2004). This will reduce operating costs in the long run. This can either be done through outsourcing these activities or through improvement of existing systems. If necessary, the company can put in place radio frequency identification system (RFID). This system will enable purchasing managers to monitor the movement of stock in real time. However, this system may be expensive to install and run. It may require additional training for the users. Restructuring suggestions As Viverra motors prepares itself for the future, both current and expected customer expectations should be put in perspective. Future aspirations of the company should be in line with the expectations of its customers (Greenberg, 2002). Viverra motors should estimate the number of customers it intends to serve in the future. This can be calculated using past customer numbers. The managers can work out the rate of annual increment in customer numbers and use it to forecast the future num bers at any particular time in the future (Houlihan, 1985). In order to meet the current customer demands and move into the future with ease, the following structural changes may be implemented. Know Customer: Viverra motors needs to invest in research in order to understand its customers better. Each customer is unique but some share common traits. Investing in this research will enable the company to provide what the customers want at the right time. Customers will be divided into various customer segments or, in other words, market segments. Each segment gets unique products and attention depending on the need of customers. Market segmentation is a great marketing tool. Products are marketed differently to different groups. Continual Rapid Improvement: the company should continue improving its products and services to meet current customer demands. The company can invest in self improvement techniques. The improvement should be comparable with changes in customer demands. Unifie d Purpose: all the dealerships, though, representing different brands and segments of the market should have a unified goal. All the dealerships need to work together as a team to achieve a common goal. Unity purpose helps reduce potential conflicts in the company. Know the Competition: the company should invest in mechanisms to know its competitors. This is because modern completion fronts are in the supply chain management. Viverra motors should use this to structure its supply chain management to be in line with that of its partners. Focus: the focus of the company should be changed. The company should avoid focusing so much on acquisitions. It should instead shift the focus to customer satisfaction and profit maximization. Organize Resources: resources should be organized in such a way that the most urgent and most important obligations are met in the first place. Invest in Human Resources: the company should focus on hiring new staff in areas that are critical to the operation of the company (Ballou, 1992). Staff should be reduced or completely relieved of their duties in areas that the company can outsource the services. Maintain Equipment: the company should maintain existing equipment in order to ensure that their after sales service segment works well. The company can also invest in new equipment to boost its repair services. Cut Flow Time: the company should cut the time a product spends in the supply chain. This can be done through development of systems that can help minimize wastage and maximizes on the available time. Visibility Management: Viverra motors needs to invest in brand visibility. It should strive to be more visible in the market than its competitors. This may be translated to increased customer numbers hence increased revenue. Conclusion This paper is focused on the operation management that is implemented in the Viverra motors and the ways of its improvement. Having analyzed a number of researches on the given topic, as well as a Ca se Study, we have come to a conclusion that Viverra motors should position itself for the future. In order to do this correctly, several structural adjustments need to be implemented. The company needs to adjust its purchasing and inventory systems to match with those of its customers. Some of the changes that have been suggested earlier in this paper include slowing acquisition. The company should instead focus on co-owning. The company should also invest in logistics and transportation systems. References Ballou, RH 1992, Business Logistics Management, 3rd. Edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Cohen, MA Lee, HL 1989, ââ¬ËResource Deployment Analysis of Global Manufacturing and Distribution Networksââ¬â¢, Journal of Manufacturing and Operations Management, vol. 2, pp. 81-104. Cooper, MC Ellram, LM 1993, ââ¬ËCharacteristics of Supply Chain Management and the Implications for Purchasing and Logistics Strategyââ¬â¢. The International Journal of Logistics Managem ent, vol. 4 no. 2, pp. 13-24. Cooper, MC, Lambert, DM Pagh, J 1997, ââ¬ËSupply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logisticsââ¬â¢. The International Journal of Logistics Management, vol 8, Iss 1, pp 1ââ¬â14. Greenberg, D 2002, ââ¬ËJust-In-Time Inventory System Proves Vulnerable to Labor Strifeââ¬â¢, Los Angeles Business Journal. Web. Houlihan, JB 1985, ââ¬ËInternational Supply Chain Managementââ¬â¢. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, vol. 15 no. 1, pp. 22-38. Ketchen JrG Hult, TM 2006, ââ¬ËBridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chainsââ¬â¢, Journal of Operations Management, vol. 25 no. 2, pp. 573-580. Lee, HL Billington, C 1992, ââ¬ËSupply Chain Management: Pitfalls and Opportunitiesââ¬â¢, Sloan Management Review, vol. 33, pp. 65-73. Lee, HL Billington, C 1993, ââ¬ËMaterial Management in Decentralized Supply Chainsââ¬â¢. Operations Research, vol. 41 no. 5,pp. 835-847. Masters, JM 1993, ââ¬ËDetermination of Near-Optimal Stock Levels for Multi-Echelon Distribution Inventoriesââ¬â¢, Journal of Business Logistics, vol. 14 no. 2, pp. 165-195. Mentzer, JT. et. al. 2001, ââ¬ËDefining Supply Chain Managementââ¬â¢, Journal of Business Logistics, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 1ââ¬â25. Rainbird, M 2004, ââ¬ËA Framework for Operations Management: The Value Chainââ¬â¢, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, vol. 34, no. 3/4, pp. 337ââ¬â345. This report on Viverra Motors Company Operations Management was written and submitted by user Simone Potts to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-30457543743289219032020-03-11T00:59:00.001-07:002020-03-11T00:59:03.826-07:00Green City Project Analysis Essay SampleGreen City Project Analysis Essay Sample Green City Project Analysis Essay Sample Green City Project Analysis Essay Sample This research involves the profound analysis of implementation of the Green City Project in the real life. The basic aim of the research is to show the beneficial character of appliance of the mentioned project. The sufficient data proves that Green Cities can be an alternative for the future world prosperity. The great attention is paid to the transport, the usage of the alternative resources and the recycling industry. In addition, such notions as zero waste products, ecologically friendly transport fuels, sustainable economy, urbanization and popularization were analyzed. In fact, the initial objective of the paper was to provide comprehensive and grounded information about the problem of urbanization. The reason is obvious since the urbanization is considered to be one of the components that destroy the Earth. Along with that, the paper aims to represent the influence of the development of the world as well as society. Taking into consideration the above mentioned issue, the prob lem of saving the Earth arises. The environmental instability damages the nature as a whole and but living creatures in particular. Upon the examination of the mentioned components, it becomes clear that Green Cities can not only save the human life but also protect the environment. Through showing the importance of development of the sustainable cities, the research highlights the possible benefits of the eco cities. Green Cities Urbanization has become one of the paramount issues in the contemporary world. Due to the extreme development of IT and the hectic pace of life, the worldwide population has dramatically increased. The amount of factories and plants has increased respectively. People started setting up businesses thus developing alternative income resources. In addition, applying the innovative technologies helps make human life less complicated and much faster, as well. Nevertheless, the problem of the global urbanization is quite controversial. On the one hand, the lasting urbanization promotes the innovative progression and worldââ¬â¢s prosperity. On the other hand, it causes enormous social and environmental problems. Accordingly, the latter has negative consequences for the humanity. Firstly, the lasting urbanization causes the increase of crime rates and inequality respectively. Secondly, it makes the enormous pressure on local as well as global environment. Thirdly, due to urbanization, the health rates started dropping down showing the high level of the fatal diseases expanding among the population of the contemporary world. Accordingly, protecting the cities from the obvious damage and providing the alternative methods of preventing the worldââ¬â¢s destruction are becoming the issues of great concern. The sufficient way is the development of green cities. This will help save the planet from the fatal demolition and get optional benefits from natural resources. The objective purpose of the paper is to suggest information about green cities and provide the potential benefits of the implementation of the ââ¬Å"Green Cityâ⬠project. The analysis of the profound literature makes it is possible to conduct the research. The main information is taken from the World Bank, the World Health Organization and the United Nation Environmental Programme. The information provided in the mentioned resources is knowledgeable and sufficient respectively. Numerous tables and figures are provided in the sources, which helps analyze the problem in every aspect. In addition, the information mentioned in the resources is relevant and depicts the current situation in the world. For example, the World Bank suggests information about the rate of the fatal diseases in the contemporary world. It provides the evidence of the dangerous impact of the illnesses. The World Health Organization illustrates data about the car emitted noise and its influence on the human health. Along with that, they provide the data about the pollution of air caused by fossil fuels and harmful substances. The United Nation Environmental Programme depicts the app roximate amount of money spent on the development of the recycling industries. The analyzed literature was taken from the investigation of the particular problem in the world. It includes the representation of tables, figures and schemes, analysis of the current situation, comparison of the past and the contemporary data, and summing up the material. That is to say, literal overview helps conduct the current research. General Information about the Project The paramount goal is to provide the profound information about the main essence of the project. The contemporary world develops with the high speed. It brings a wide range of new technologies, machines and devices that facilitate human life. The cities have become the most convenient places for living. For this reason, more and more people started moving to cities for their convenience. This process promotes the increase in the urban population. In accordance with the World Bank, urbanization has become the striking characteristic of the modern world (World Bank, 2009). There is a prediction that in ten years, the population of the developed cities will triple. Consequently, the cities will face the challenge of building economically and ecologically sustainable future. The prosperous future of the developed cities can be under the threat of demolition. The lasting progress of regional economy, the consumption of carbon, the emissions of various gases lead to the destruction of cities. For this reason, the appliance of the sustainable green cities will be the perfect solution for the current problems. The green city is a perfect place to live in. Its basic aim is to provide ecologically sustainable conditions of living. They are developed to better not only human life but also the state of the environment. All the components of the city will be inseparable. In other words, it will be the waste-free manufacture. Special attention will be paid to transport, the appliance of alternative resources and recycling industry. In fact, the process of greening cities will take some time. The basic steps will be to reduce the level of chemical emissions, create the qualitative environment for all the citizens, assure sustainable consumption, and adopt the usage of alternative energy sources (World Bank, 2009). The reason is quite obvious: the m entioned components are the key factors in destroying the environment; thus, they should be leveled. Transport Transport is considered to be one of the basic polluters in the modern world. Due to the extreme urbanization, the amount of transport has increased respectively. Accordingly, the emissions from the vehicles pose a great threat to human health. Air pollution causes the emergence of the cardiovascular illnesses. The respective data prove that transport promotes bronchitis, strokes and asthma (World Bank, 2011). In addition, air pollution is one of the main reasons for deaths in the modern society. The global attention is fixed on the huge human and material losses during road accidents. According to World Health Organization, in the developing countries, the level of the road deaths is the highest and comprises 90% (World Health Organization, 2004). The scientists suggest that road accidents will be the fifth principal reason of death in the world. Noise is also suggested to be the growing concern from both ecological and economical perspectives. The noise produced by vehicles has negative influence on health. The World Health Organization depicted the most general issues related to the sustained noise rates. These involve hearing fatigue, hearing worsening, namely tinnitus, effects on social behavior, insomnia, and worsening of the immune system. In addition, the sustained exposing to noise has been connected with holdbacks in cognitive development of children (Evans and Maxwell, 1997). It should be admitted that transport has an enormous impact on the human life. Consequently, the green cities aim at reducing the transport emission and providing ecologically friendly means of transport. Therefore, all vehicles will use ecologically friendly fuels. In addition, green cities will apply the usage of electric cars. The benefits will be enormous. On the one hand, the electric cars will produce less pollution and thus cause less da mage to the environment. On the other hand, they will make noise helping to reduce the level of noise production in the cities respectively. An important role will be devoted to such vehicle as bicycle. In fact, bicycles are the most popular alternative type of transport in the modern society. They are comfortable and cheap, as well. They are of paramount importance in the huge cities. Due to the hectic pace of life, numerous traffic jams have become typical for big cities, so bicycles will help reduce their emergence. One more possible benefit of bicycles is the fact that they are absolutely ecologically friendly. For this reason, they promote healthy lifestyle and protect cities from the pollution. One of the most important issues of the green cities is the sustainable transport. The sustainable transport will help not only save the city clean but also better economical, environmental and social life of the humanity. In order to achieve the development of this kind of transport, every green city needs to follow certain strategies. The perfect example will be the avoid strategy. Avoiding travel needs is the main aim of the sustainable transport campaign. Together with the interventions that reduce travel, there are the improvement of urban design as well as the usage of information and innovative technologies (World Health Organization, 2004). Additionally, the extreme development of IT enables considering telemobility as an alternative way of reducing the level of travelling in the city. The main components of the telemobility include telework, teleshopping, and telemedicine (World Health Organization, 2004). Consequently, it will not only make human life less complicated but r educe the level of the pollution, as well. It can be admitted that green cities are designed for protecting human life and nature as a whole. In regard to the public transport, it is one of the important components of every city. For this reason, it is paramount to make it more sufficient. The public transport in the green cities will be designed according to the sustainable system. In other words, the public transport will be car-competitive. The following steps will help to achieve this aim. The first step is to adopt the integrated network of routes (World Health Organization, 2004). The second step is to better the state of the transport thus make it more convenient and secure. The third step is the appliance of the distinctive marketing identity for all systems. By taking the mentioned steps, it will be possible to reduce the amount of cars in the city and enhance the usage of the public transport respectively. The Usage of Alternative Energy Resources Along with transport, the green cities will use alternative energy resources for manufacturing as well as living. Nowadays, the problem of usage of alternative energy resources is quite controversial. The supporters of that point claim that the Sun, wind, water and soil can make human life healthier and cheaper. The opponents stick to the point that natural resources could not produce the necessary amount of energy and they are not reliable. Nevertheless, the analysis of the recent data proves that natural resources are the future of the humanity. For this reason, the green cities will use the energy from the Sun, water and wind for the development of the production. It is possible to install special solar devices for getting solar energy in every house. They are not so expensive, but they will save money and time. The Sun is the lasting natural source of energy. It heats the Earth; thus, it is possible to use its energy and keep it during certain period of time. In fact, numerous co ntemporary countries have already used solar and wind energy. In this respect, the bright example is Austria. In this country, there are many plants and factories that are based on the winder and solar energy. The main benefit of appliance of natural resources is that they do not emit harmful gases into the environment. Consequently, they are ecologically friendly for humans and nature as a whole. In order to achieve the desirable aim, the green cities will follow a certain strategy. The first aim is to reduce the level of artificial energy. By persuading people to use natural resources, it is possible to level the use of non-natural energy. The second aim is to build plants and factories that will work only by means of natural resources. The government of the green cities will help citizens install the desirable eco devices that will heat the flats and houses. The investments in clean-energy campaigns cause cash savings; the scope of the mentioned investments is substantial. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, $63.2 billions were invested in to the development of clean-projects ( United Nations Human Settlements Programme, 2009). It should be admitted that the usage of natural resources results in numerous benefits for humans and nature as a whole. The Recycling Industries The last and the most important component of the green cities will be recycling industries. Every city possesses a wide range of waste, so it is needed to be recycled. Nevertheless, before applying the recycle system, it is paramount to examine the peopleââ¬â¢s behavior, as well as their lifestyles and values. In accordance with Lehmann, there are three frameworks for sustainable urban progression, namely zero fossil-fuel usage of energy, zero waste, and zero emissions (Lehmann and Crocker, 2012). Consequently, zero waste is a vital component of the mentioned framework. In addition, the sustainable urban development requires three steps to be followed, namely rising resilience, strengthening of all systems and networks, the analysis of the influence of climate and city context. Basically, nowadays, there are many products that people do not use and just throw away. It is paramount to build the recycling plants in order to make use of the waste. For this reason, ecologically friendly cities are the right solution for the mentioned problem. The green cities promote the projects that will gather waste and make use of it. Along with that, the cities will encourage citizens to use zero-waste products. The corresponding laws will be adopted in order to count the amount of emitting waste per person. If the amount is overrated, the person will have to pay money that will be invested in the bettering recycling systems. In fact, such a campaign will teach citizens to control the level of zero-waste products in their native cities. Analyzing the afore mentioned information, it can be noted that the implementation the ââ¬Å"Green City Projectâ⬠can bring enormous benefits for the humanity and nature. The initial aim of the project is to develop the city that will be zero-waste and fossil fuel-waste. The city will be constructed basing on the eco principles. The great attention will be paid to the reduction of harmful transport, usage of alternative resources and recycling industries. Each of the mentioned factors will provide huge advantages for people. Firstly, the health rate will improve greatly. Secondly, the nature will be more protected. Thirdly, the life will become much easier and faster. The mentioned project is oriented towards the environmental protection. The reason is quite obvious: all creatures on the Earth are totally dependent on the nature. Therefore, it should be treated in an appropriate way. The extreme development of the world has changed the nature and its main components. Individuals started moving into big cities in order to find better jobs and opportunities. In such a way, the urban population started increasing greatly. It leads to a number of serious problems. The most obvious are huge amount of traffic jams, the rising level of fatal diseases, inconvenience and dirtiness. Taking into account the afore mentioned facts, one of possible solutions to the problems may be the green cities. This project is developed to help reduce the negative effects of the urbanization. The basic target of the project is to protect humansââ¬â¢ life and save nature. Transport, usage of alternative resources and recycling industries are the main objectives of the project. The citizens of the green cities will use electric cars and bicycles in order to reduce fossil fuel emitting. In addition, the public transport will be more car-competitive and comfortable for passengers. In relati on to the alternative resources, the government will help to tackle the problem. All the citizens will be able to install solar devices for the convenient usage of the solar energy. The recycling industry will be booming due to the adoption of certain laws that will help control the waste-emitting level in the country. It should be admitted that green cities are the perfect example of the future. It will result into a great number of benefits for the humanity. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-42048696179542821362020-02-23T15:24:00.001-08:002020-02-23T15:24:02.657-08:00Marketing Planning and Strategy (The Buying Process)2 AssignmentMarketing Planning and Strategy (The Buying Process)2 - Assignment Example This is a remarkable need that has been substantially developed by the marketer through the online description of the product alone. In particular, target customers who are in the arena of influencing people will eventually realize to desire for a need for this product offering. Ideally, people involved in the field of persuading other people would want to become effective here (Larson, 2012). Thus, in their current state, they want to improve more in their skills of persuasion. Thus, the marketer has made the right choice of placing the actual description of the product that will trigger this need. The product is like a helping guide that aims to improve its usersââ¬â¢ experience with persuading people. Concerning this, the marketer is able to implement the idea particularly in seeking value on the part of the customers relating to their personal experiences of influencing or persuading people. For this reason, the product is trying to suggest scanning oneââ¬â¢s memory in line with the importance of persuasion. Oneââ¬â¢s memory with product or related experience is a fundamental source of information from the point of view of the marketer (Kimmel, 2012). Such idea brings forward to the primary source of internal information about the customersââ¬â¢ buying behavior. On the other hand, the dominant source of external information that the marketer showcased on the site is the presence of helpful customersââ¬â¢ reviews with significant ratings. Customersââ¬â¢ reviews are essential ways to trigger positive customerââ¬â¢s response on the product or service offerings (Schneier, Shaw, Beatty & Baird, 1995). Marketers believe that this could trigger customersââ¬â¢ buying behavior. Aside from the product description and customersââ¬â¢ reviews, the product conveys the need to have it through editorial reviews too. These reviews are essential justifications of the tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-80551618459037297172020-02-07T08:11:00.001-08:002020-02-07T08:11:02.898-08:00Comparison of two books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsComparison of two books - Essay Example urther, many institutions such as the military organizations, the Catholic Church, and also in business conglomerates (the glass ceiling) practice gender discrimination through a variety of ways to subjugate and dominate women by overt and subtle means. The military excluded the women from combat roles and officership positions until only recently while the Catholic hierarchy does not ordain female priests, and many global corporations still practice gender discrimination despite the efforts of feminists to break the glass ceiling and join the boards of their companies (women workers in general receive lower pay and in lower positions). In her eye-opening book titled ââ¬Å"Lydias Open Door: Inside Mexicos Most Modern Brothelâ⬠author Patty Kelly managed to document a hidden industry which that countrys political leaders proudly touted as an example of their nations march towards modernization and globalization through neo-liberalism by modernizing its prostitution industry through the so-called proper monitoring of the health of its prostitutes, professionalizing its practice by a series of regulations, and in many ways euphemistically ââ¬Å"helpingâ⬠these women from being further exploited by criminal gangs because now they work under government supervision. While female prostitutes sell their bodies for sex acts, they also perpetuate their own subjugation by a male-dominated society. This is why feminists have waged a vigorous and continuing campaign against prostitution (legal or not) but this practice will still persist if the women themselves do not do something against it. The government of Mexico, in particular a local or municipal government unit in the state of Chiapas in the barrio of Tuxtla Gutierrez, had conceived of a ââ¬Å"brilliantâ⬠idea to formally legalize prostitution ostensibly to regulate this commercial sex street-level activity into a modern form of experiment in social hygiene. The proclaimed objective is to protect female prostitutes but end tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-71055563199550975282020-01-29T06:26:00.001-08:002020-01-29T06:26:02.535-08:00Integration theory Essay Example for Free Integration theory Essay In introducing the revisionist phase of integration theory, Haas (1971: 26ââ¬â30) explicitly withdrew his earlier exclusion of public opinion. This is particularly evident in his new ââ¬Ëmaster conceptââ¬â¢ of authority legitimacy transfer or sharing: ââ¬Ëa formulation I would myself prefer to the stress put on elite loyalties in my own earlier formulationsââ¬â¢. Indicators of this concept are observable in activity ââ¬Ëin specific functional and organizational sectors and. . . in elite and mass perceptionsââ¬â¢ (emphasis added). The acceptance of public opinion in the political arena is very transparent in the linkage of variables that quantify the percentage of interaction within the context of the masses and the elitesââ¬â¢ political perception. Haas advocates focusing on the notion of social learning as a major link, speculating on the various elements that might be involved; for example, increased contact and familiarity, growing complexity in the pattern of inter-group loyalties and social roles, education and informal socialization practices and progressively rewarding experiences derived from the activities of common markets. On the other hand, Schmitter (1971: 233) is quite explicit about his revisionist intentions, offering ââ¬Ëa revised formalization of the neo-functionalist or structuralist theory of the political consequences of regional integration with pretensions to general comparative relevance. ââ¬â¢ the significant factor in this theory lies on the connection of the differing variables and hypothesis in accordance to the attitudes and perceptions of the populace, which represents numerous political groups and parties. It all depends, therefore, on whether one takes a broad or narrow definition of these groups. Schmitter does not explicitly address this question but a broad definition is clearly implied by his operationalization of the variables in question. Thus the variable ââ¬Å"elite value complementarityâ⬠is operationalized by reference to ââ¬Ëpanel type survey data on the nature and intensity of commitment to similar goals within and across integrating unitsââ¬â¢. That the operationalization includes public opinion data is clear from the accompanying footnote which includes reference to Ingleharts work on public opinion and European integration. Similarly, regional identity is operationalized by reference to ââ¬Ëpanel survey research on selected samples exposed to intensive regional socialization; inference from single surveys on the residual importance of regional contacts/level of information when controlled for other variablesââ¬â¢, and Ingleharts work is again cited (Schmitter 1971: 252). Thus, we can infer that neo-functionalismââ¬â¢s principles are geared towards the affirmation on the importance of public opinion. In the development of Nyes revised neo-functionalist model, public opinion enters the scheme at two points. First, attitudinal integrationââ¬âdescribed as definitive appealââ¬âfigures in an expanded list of ââ¬Ëprocess mechanismsââ¬â¢. In addition to determining whether or not a regional identity exists, Nye argues that it is necessary to assess the degree of salience and urgency attached to it and whether or not it is accompanied by a ââ¬Ëmyth of permanence and inevitabilityââ¬â¢ (1971: 73). The other side of this variable is the persistence of competing national identities. Secondly, public opinion enters as a variable in the domestic arena influencing the actions of national political leaders. Actors in the original neo-functionalist modelââ¬âmainly the integrationist technocrats and interest group representativesââ¬âneed to be supplemented by ââ¬Ëelectoral or support politiciansââ¬â¢ whose primary function is to legitimize the actions involved in regional integration. This implies a very clear role for public opinion in the process of integration, which is reinforced by the inclusion of ââ¬Ëthe category of mass opinion, or more accurately of opinion leaders, who create broad or narrow limits for the legitimacy of integrationist programsââ¬â¢ (1971: 63). Media is one of the major catalysts in the proliferation and in the validation of public opinion. Because through this, a political group can draw out what platforms they should espouse so that the electorate will vote for them. In terms of the electorate, public opinion will serve as their contribution in landscaping a new political condition, as well as the status quo of the preexisting politics. Since public opinion formulates how politics should operate there is a great necessity to ensure that such opinions are clearly express in order for it to be addressed and to be recognized. And the most effective means to satisfy such necessity is to use the media. The obvious question which then arises is why the new emphasis did not make an immediate impact on the research agenda. The problem was that, almost as soon as this broadening occurred and before it could really take hold, the theory itself seemed to be bypassed by events and treated by its authors, either explicitly or implicitly, as obsolescent. As noted earlier, it was rescued from oblivion by the resurgence of European integration in the mid-1980s. References: Haas, E. B. (1971). The Study of Regional Integration: Reflections on the Joy and Anguish of Pre-theorizingââ¬â¢. In Regional Integration: Theory and Research: Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press. Key, V. O. (1961). Public Opinion and American Democracy: New York: Knopf. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-2435501249489038802020-01-21T02:49:00.001-08:002020-01-21T02:49:03.297-08:00Shirley Jacksons The Lottery and Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour EsShirley Jackson's The Lottery and Kate Chopin's The Story of an Hour "The Lottery" by Shirley Jackson, and "The Story of the Hour" by Kate Chopin, both have similarities and differences when it comes to the elements of literature.à Particularly, when the authors use foreshadowing to manipulate the moods of the stories and add irony to cleverly deceive the reader. Both of these stories possess similarities and differences when it comes to their components of the story, specifically the authors' usage of elements of mood and the tone of irony. à à à à à In Shirley Jackson's 'The Lottery,' irony is a major theme. This story is about a town full of elitist snobs that are stuck on their tradition of a lottery, even though it is a grim ritual and rather detrimental to the people in the town. The characters are honoring a tradition that is handed down to them from former generations. The reader is led through the outwardly normal and charming little village, and is taken on a ride of ironic horror as they slowly grasp the annual fate of one the village?s inhabitants. The title ?The Lottery? implies a contest with a winner of some kind, like a sweepstakes. When in reality the winner is actually the loser or person that will die by stoning. At the beginning of this story, the main character, Mrs. Hutchinson, is in favor of the lottery. The atmosphere of the town is casual yet anxious. Mrs. Hutchinson arrives late because she ?clean forgot? what day it is. This seems quite impossible to any reader that anyone would forge t a day like lottery day. Her procrastination is reasonable but her excuse is lame. Mrs. Hutchinson complains that her husband, Bill, ?didn?t have enough time to choose.? And that the results of the drawing were not fair. In these statements, she is implying that the other villagers had more time to choose, and in fact given an advantage over the Hutchinson family. In reality, time had little to do with the drawing of the ?slips of paper.? As soon as they hold the second drawing, Mrs. Hutchinson is chosen. This is the climax of irony of this story. Mrs. Hutchinson is chosen for the lottery. She is shocked and astounded, having believed that she couldn?t possibly be chosen for the lottery. She begs or mercy, but the townspeople are strict with keeping to their traditions and her pleas of mercy fall on deaf ears and she is stoned to death. à à à à à ?... ...the mention of her health. However, in ?The Lottery? the reader knows that something bad will eventually happen, but the reader has no idea who the ill-fated winner is going to be. à à à à à I feel that ?The Story of an Hour? is a better example of the elements of irony and foreshadowing than ?The Lottery.? In ?The Story of an Hour? the author uses a writing style that is easy to follow and simple to understand. The plot is orderly and follows a sequential order of events. The imagery is vivid, but is it easy to understand and doesn?t confuse the reader. ?The Lottery? was not an adequate story. The foreshadowing was presented in an irksome fashion, and the language confused and baffled me. ?The Lottery? was difficult to follow, and I was unable to understand anything about it until I had completed the story. In closing, I feel that Kate Chopin did a superb job with ?The Story of an Hour? in reaching her audience on a level that made it simple to understand her story and to have a sense of perceptive knowledge of how the story would end. à à à à Works Cited: Jackson, Shirley. "The Lottery." The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed Sylvan Barnet. New York: HarperCollins, 1986. 862-868 tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-72765340814116190202020-01-12T23:13:00.001-08:002020-01-12T23:13:04.505-08:00Ideal Democracy EssayOutline A.) Introduction ââ¬â Democracy Definition by Latin roots and suffixes a. Background- Articles about the common topic of Democracy and its different definitions. I. Dahl- Dahlââ¬â¢s view in political system. b. Thesis ââ¬â Through observation from Dahlââ¬â¢s point of view, I will explain the meaning of the ideal democracy while considering how it began during the founding years of the United States and discuss the deficiencies from personal reflection. B.) 1st Topic ââ¬â Dahlââ¬â¢s Ideal Democracy c. What is Dahlââ¬â¢s ideal democracy? II. Consisting of five standards, Dahlââ¬â¢s ideal democracy is ââ¬Å"a designed set of rules and principles, a constitution, that will determine how the associationââ¬â¢s decision are to be made. And your constitution must be in conformity with one elementary principle: that all the members are to be treated (under the constitution) as if they were equally qualified to participate in the process of making decisions about the policies the association will pursue.â⬠In order to govern this association, all members are to be considered politically equal. III. Five Standards 1. Effective participation 2. Voting in equality 3. Gaining enlightened understanding. 4. Exercising final control over the agenda 5. Inclusion of adults d. Why is Dahlââ¬â¢s democracy significant? IV. There are 10 main benefits from practicing the ideal democracy. 6. Democracy helps to prevent government by cruel and vicious autocrats. 7. Democracy guarantees its citizens a number of fundamental rights that nondemocratic systems to not, and cannot, grant. 8. Democracy insures its citizens a broader range of personal freedom than any feasible alternative to it. 9. Democracy helps people to protect their own fundamental interests. 10. Only a democratic government can provide a maximum opportunity for persons to exercise their freedom of self-determination ââ¬â that is, to live under laws of their own choosing. 11. Only a democratic government can provide a maximum opportunity for exercising moral responsibility. 12. Democracy fosters human development more fully than any feasible alternative. 13. Only a democratic government can foster a relatively high degree of political equality. 14. Modern representative democracies do not fight wars with one another. 15. Countries with democratic government tend to be more prosperous than countries with nondemocratic governments. e. Why Political Equality? V. Political equality is highly recommended under this observation for intrinsic equality and civic competence. C.) 2nd Topic ââ¬â The Founding Years f. The Constitution g. The Articles of Confederation h. The Democracy in Both i. The comparison between the beginning democracy and the ideal democracy j. D.) 3rd Topic ââ¬â My Reflection and the Deficiencies k. How Do I compare the US Democracy to Dahlââ¬â¢s Ideal Democracy? VI. After the founding up until the 1960ââ¬â¢s civil rights movement l. Discuss the Democratic deficits m. Discuss improvements since the 1960ââ¬â¢s n. Discuss the development including developing improvements and imperfections. E.) Conclusion o. Introduction From the definition of the Latin words, the root demo means people and the suffix -cracy means government or rule. When putting the two together to form the word democracy, by definition, the words means to have the people rule the government. This means that all of the people should have their opinion accepted about everything that affects their daily lives. Most people of the United States of America believe that we live in a democracy. To live in a democracy means to have the freedoms that are considered fundamental to human freedom and flourishing. According to an article on the ideal democracy, though democracy is widely considered to bet the most preferable form of government, this conviction alone is not enough to establish its supremacy as the ideal form of government often having flaws when actualized (Coffrin, 2012). Robert Dahl, often called ââ¬Å"the Deanâ⬠of American political scientists, is one of Americaââ¬â¢s most prolific democracy professors and critics. One of his many contributions is his explication of the varieties of power which he defines as ââ¬Å"Aâ⬠getting ââ¬Å"Bâ⬠to do what ââ¬Å"Aâ⬠wants but preferring the more influence terms. In his book On Democracy, he provides his definition of the real ââ¬Å"Ideal Democracyâ⬠. This democracy isnââ¬â¢t much like the democracy we practice today in America. Through observation from Dahlââ¬â¢s point of view, I will explain the meaning of the ideal democracy while considering how it began during the founding years of the United States and then discuss the deficiencies from personal reflection. Body There are a number of ways in which the term ââ¬Å"democracyâ⬠is used. When looking upon the definition from the Merriam Webster dictionary, democracy has five separate meanings; two being ââ¬Å"a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free electionsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"the principle and policies of the Democratic party in the USâ⬠(democracy, 2012). These definitions are describing the actuality of what democracy is however Dahlââ¬â¢s ideal is not mentioned in the dictionary. Dahlââ¬â¢s ideal democracy is only in his imagination. He believes that democracy is really ââ¬Å"a designed set of rules and principles, a constitution, that will determine how the associationââ¬â¢s decision are to be madeâ⬠¦and that all the members are to be treated as if they were equally qualified to participate in the process of making decisions about the policies the association will pursueâ⬠(Dahl, 37). In order to govern this association, all members are to be considered politically equal in order to provide opportunities for effective participation, equality in voting, gaining enlightened understanding, exercising final control over the agenda, and inclusion of adults (38). According to Dahlââ¬â¢s outlook, the ideal democracy has at least 10 advantages. Democracy helps to prevent government by cruel and vicious autocrats, guarantees its citizens a number of fundamental rights that nondemocratic systems to not grant, it insures its citizens a broader range of personal freedom than any feasible alternative, it helps people to protect their own fundamental interests, is only a democratic government that can provide a maximum opportunity for persons to exercise their freedom of self-determination and for exercising moral responsibility, it fosters human development more fully than any feasible alternative, it can foster a relatively high degree of political equality, never fight wars with another democratic organization, and countries with democratic governments tend to be more prosperous (Dahl, 60). These selections of standards and advantages are designed to enhance and motivate members to be a part of the ideal democratic process. But the key point to the ideal democracy is political equality. Political equality is highly recommended under this observation for intrinsic equality and civic competence. For intrinsic equality we need to express a moral judgment about human beings intending to ââ¬Å"say something about what we believe ought to beâ⬠(Dahl, 65). As the words of the Declaration employed, with moral judgment we claim that one personââ¬â¢s life, liberty, and happiness is not intrinsically superior or inferior to the life, liberty, and happiness of any other (65). We should adopt this principle for ethical and religious grounds, the weakness of an alternative principle, prudence, and acceptability (67). In this intrinsic equality, there must be application to the value to the government of the state in which the government must give equal consideration to the interest of every person. For civic competence, there must be a rejection of the Guardianship as a satisfactory way of applying the main idea. ââ¬Å"Among adults no persons are so definitely better qualified than others to govern that they should be entrusted with complete and final authority over the government of the stateâ⬠(Dahl, 79). This theory suggests that we be governed by ourselves. From what Iââ¬â¢ve learned in part one of Dahlââ¬â¢s Ideal Democracy, the United States of America isnââ¬â¢t so democratic as it is represented to be based upon the founding of the US Constitution and the Articles of Confederation. Works Cited Kolar, M. (2005). What is democracy. Retrieved on March 11, 2012 from http://www.whatisdemocracy.net/ Coffrin, T. (2012). Ideal democracy. Retrieved on March 11, 2012 from http://trevorcoffrin.hubpages.com/hub/IdealDemocracy tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-6108864608138770482020-01-04T19:35:00.001-08:002020-01-04T19:35:03.656-08:00The Theory of Attachment and Attachment Styles Essay examples Attachment is the emotional bond between humans, which is based on our relationship with a parent or early caregiver during the years of childhood. There are four different attachment styles ââ¬â secure, preoccupied, dismissive, and fearful ââ¬â each describing a different way in which individuals interact with others, approach social and romantic relationships, and deal with life. Each attachment style is divided along two dimensions ââ¬â the fear of abandonment and the fear of closeness. Bartholomew and Horowitz define fear of abandonment as the model of self which describes the belief of an individual to be either ââ¬Å"worthy of love and support or notâ⬠(1991). They also define fear of closeness as the model of other which describes an individualââ¬â¢sâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The preoccupied attachment style is characterized by low fear of closeness and high fear of abandonment. Individuals classified as preoccupied have a negative model of themselves. Because preoccupies see themselves as unworthy of love and unsupportive, they tend to ââ¬Å"strive for self-acceptance by gaining the acceptance of valued othersâ⬠(Bartholomew, 227) and would do everything to keep people in their life; Preoccupied individuals try to avoid any kind of conflict in order to make themselves loveable and others happy. Despite the fact that preoccupies of ten see others as trustworthy and available, they also feel that others do not care about them as much as they care about others. Somebody I would classify as preoccupied would be my ex-boyfriend. He always felt that other people around him would not care as much about him as he cared about them. He was worried that I would not love him as much as he loved me and that I would not return his love. Whenever I broke up with him, he became upset; he talked to my parents and friends, texted me every day and tried to convince me to go back to him. My ex-boyfriend tried to avoid any kind of conflict ââ¬â not just with me, but also with his parents ââ¬â just to keep us happy. However, every time we had a conflict, he either agreed with me or felt bad afterwards and was afraid that I would not love him anymore.Show MoreRelatedAttachment Theory. 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Gonzalez, personal communication, July 23, 2014). The purpose for this research paper is to integrate, connect, and exhibit how Contemporary Attachment Theory and Self-Psychology Theory have shaped Rosa Gonzalezââ¬â¢s thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and behaviorsâ⬠¦. Contemporary Attachment Theory Historically, psychoanalyst have adopted various theories, or empirical evidence-based practices. These practices have given them a framework for applying specific interventions on their clients. For example; tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-62719250968034358142019-12-27T16:01:00.001-08:002019-12-27T16:01:03.002-08:00Childhood Depression And Its Effects On Women - 845 Words Depression is more prevalent, and suicides are more common for women across the world (Koshy, 2016); India, is no exception. Lifetime depression is estimated at 5-12% for men, but significantly higher for women at 10-25% (Bohra, Srivastava, Bhatia, 2015). Women are not only more prone to depression and suicide because of hormonal changes, but also social stigma and pressures, as well as events that are exclusive to women (Bose, 2015). Events such as childbirth and expectations in marriage provide many possible opportunities to develop depression. With marriage, comes domestic violence, a common precursor to depression. According to the Indian Journal of Psychiatry (Bohra, Srivastava, Bhatia, 2015), domestic violence affects a fourth to half of women in India during a point in their lifetime. In addition, most women who develop depression usually develop symptoms around childbearing age. Divorced or widowed women, however, have higher rates of depression than married women. Unfortun ately, although the majority of cases of depression are treatable, there are limited resources within the country. Finding treatment for mental illness is difficult in India. According to Huffington Post, ââ¬Å"Nearly half of those with severe mental disease aren t treated and of those with less severe versions, nearly 9 in 10 go uncared forâ⬠(Koshy, 2016). The government of India recorded that 1 in 5 people in the country need some form of psychological or psychiatric counseling, yet it isShow MoreRelatedLong Term Effects of Childhood Separation Anxiety1230 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Long-Term Effects of Childhood Separation Anxiety Abstract This report delves into the connection between childhood separation anxiety disorder and the long-term implications that it may have. To understand the connections I preformed secondary research through ââ¬Å"Academic Search Completeâ⬠. I found that childhood separation anxiety disorder is connected with serious mental disorders, such as anorexia, bulimia, social phobias, depression, and behavior disorders. 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InRead MoreNegative Impact Of Postpartum Depression1413 Words à |à 6 Pagesof Postpartum Depression on Child Abuse Introduction: This psychological and behavioral study will analyze the impact of postpartum depression on women and the problem of child abuse related to this condition. Case studies find the circumstances of postpartum depression in women is directly related to the issue of previous child abuse and PTSD that have a negative impact on the newborn child. These factors define a significant correlation with postpartum depression in 1 out 9 women and later problems tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-47453528327296116812019-12-19T11:49:00.001-08:002019-12-19T11:49:04.804-08:00The Classical View Of Project Management - 1411 Words Globalization has resulted in the world becoming closer than before and this has also accelerated the development of the global economy. The increasingly important role of project management in projects should not be neglected. According to the website of the Project Management Institute (2016), in order to meet a projectsââ¬â¢ demands, the utilization of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques in project activities are what combine to form a perception of project management. It is obvious that the contribution of the classical view of project management in project activities cannot be ignored, however, it is critical that this is increasingly criticized for being insufficient for praxis. Many reasons may lead this happening. Firstly, this essay will define some key terms to help the reader understand the topic more clearly, then it will demonstrate some academic opinions to argue that the classical view of project management is insufficient for praxis. It will critically analyze the reasons of this issue. Furthermore, some potential improvements will be given to focusing on how to solve this task effectively from different aspects will be given, and lastly, an appropriate conclusion will summarize the essay. What is ââ¬Ëclassical viewââ¬â¢? The Cambridge English Dictionary defines ââ¬Ëclassical viewââ¬â¢ as ââ¬Ëa standard and traditional view or theory which came from the thoughts or field of research of scholars that is set up and widely accepted before others. ââ¬ËCriticizedââ¬â¢ is used to describeShow MoreRelatedThe Classical View Of Project Management1939 Words à |à 8 Pagescritically analyse why the classical view of project management is increasingly criticised for being insufficient for praxis and outline potential improvements, also based on theory evidence. Abstract This paper will introduce five top classical views of project management and discuss the effects of two of them in current situation within the critical analysis. The purpose of this paper is providing possible solutions of the current situation of classical views of project management through the criticalRead MoreClassical And Classical Project Management1473 Words à |à 6 PagesProject management changes continually with the increasing uncertainty and complexity in contemporary projects, which makes classical project management become fall out with the times. According to Atkinson (cites in Cicmil Hodgson, 2006) traditional project management uses time, cost and scope of plan as a major standard in a project, which is called iron triangle principal. Both Cullen Parker, (2015) and Ã
pundak (2014) mention that although the classical still can be applied to all projectsRead MoreThe Classical Perspective And Humanistic Perspective Essay1538 Words à |à 7 Pagesdifferent managem ent perspectives and critical strategies to organises their people and improve productivity. Obviously, it is important to be a remarkable manager in a legendary company. So it is interested to find out how making the right management. Therefore, managers have to understand what the management perspectives are, and also need to know the way to operate them. In this essay, the definitions of two management perspectives will be introduced in few paragraphs which are classical perspectiveRead MoreClassical Viewpoint of Management1088 Words à |à 5 PagesClassical management theory Classical management theory was introduced in the late 19th century. It became widespread in the first half of the 20th century, as organizations tried to address issues of industrial management, including specialization, efficiency, higher quality, cost reduction and management-worker relationships. While other management theories have evolved since then, classical management approaches are still used today by many small-business owners to build their companies and toRead MoreManagement Theory : Classical And Contemporary Essay1655 Words à |à 7 PagesManagement theory has been a topical issue in several organizational fields for centuries. Both classic and modern styles organizations have reinforced management principles to fulfil goals efficiently and effectively. From the industrial to post-industrial evolution of organizations, the emergence of several management theories and their components have been infused in business polices, protocols and regulations that transfer onto t he organisationââ¬â¢s operations (Aldrich, 2008). Todayââ¬â¢s literatureRead MoreEvolution of Management1083 Words à |à 5 PagesEvolution of Management The evolution of management can be divided into three distinct eraââ¬â¢s. The Pre-Classical Era, Classical era and Neo-classical era. Pre-Classical Era From the Biblical times we find monarchies of the time use some form of management to lord over the great kingdoms such as the Egyptians who used hierarchy management to build the pyramids, Moses leading the Israelites through the desert to the promised land and King David when he was in charge of the kingdom of Israel. InRead MoreCritically Analyzing the Main Issues in the Case Study Using Relevant Theories Related to Organization and Management1306 Words à |à 6 PagesCritically Analyzing the Main Issues in the Case Study Using Relevant Theories Related to Organization and Management This case study deals with the Oticonââ¬â¢s organizational change, a Danish firm specialised in hearing aids. Due to an instable environment, the firm has transformed the organisation of the structure in order to be competitive in an international market and consequently it has changed the work, the hierarchy, the organisational culture and patterns. The caseRead MoreThe Success Of Any Business1409 Words à |à 6 Pagesany business can be traced back to management. For this reason, managers need to be able to adapt to and address the changing needs of not only their customs, but even more importantly, their employees. Change is always occurring, and the manner in which an employeeââ¬â¢s needs are attended to in present day society, is rather different from that of 100 years ago. The development from the 19th and early 20th century management strategies, to the current management understanding, was not a change thatRead MoreManaging Business Assignment992 Words à |à 4 PagesLearning Outcomes You should be able to: Appreciate the different management theory and practice from the era of scientific management to contingency theory. Demonstrate knowledge of the underlying concepts and principles related to entrepreneurial and management activities. Deliverables This assignment represents 30% of the total INCOURSE marks for this module. The deliverables: A report of 1,000 words. You should state the number of wordsRead More The Roles of Negotiation in Construction Essay1194 Words à |à 5 Pageskey for the success of projects. Since different participants from different organizations try to work together in projects, competitive stresses exist in their relationships and as a result, disputes or conflicts may inevitably occur; negotiation is preferred by project participants for the settlement of claims. Negotiation plays an important role in resolving claims, preventing disputes, and keeping a harmonious relationship between project participants. However, claims tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1463551624016162144.post-28654370589658572612019-12-11T08:32:00.001-08:002019-12-11T08:32:03.605-08:00Contemporary Issue in International Accounting Capital Question: Discuss about theContemporary Issue in International Accountingfor Capital. Answer: Introduction: Today, countries trade with each other leading to flow of revenue and capital among them. International accounting standards have become a necessity to provide clarity and transparency between trading countries. International Financial Reporting Standards and Australian Accounting Standards are internationally accepted standards with country wise modifications. The paper opens with the necessities of international accounting systems keeping these two systems in light. Application of IFRS in some other economies has also been exemplified during the course of discussion followed by its role in international trade, investment and consumer satisfaction. The importance of IFRS to multinational companies has also been illustrated. The Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB): According to Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States of America, the globalization of companies has given rise of flow of capital and revenue between countries (Sec.gov 2017). Today, the companies and individual investors invest abroad for capital appreciation. Hence, it has become important to have a set of common accounting standards to maintain transparency and liquidity in the accounting systems. The need for internationally maintained and followed standard of accounting has brought the accounting bodies in the world to come together and make new standard system of accounting. The Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB) is the body that follows the Australian Securities and Investment Act 2001 and makes the accounting standard to be followed by the public and private companies in the country. The companies in Australia are required to follow Australian Accounting Standard according to the procedures laid down by the Common Wealth, state or local government bodies. The Certified Practising Accountants, Australia, the Institute of Chartered Accountants, Australia and the Institute of Public Accountants, Australia are under statutory compulsion to ensure that the companies following their systems of accounting comply with the Australian Accounting Standard (AAS) (Aasb.gov.au, 2017). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): The Australian Financial Reporting Council directed Australian Accounting Standard Board to comply with the International Accounting Standard Board. The International Accounting Standard Board set down International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) which serves as the language of accounting in international business around the world. IFRS started as a method to standardize accounting in the European Union but spread to the rest of the world due to its applicability (Erdemoglu 2015). IFRS recognizes assets, liabilities, income and expenses, equity, contributions and distributions by owners and cash flow (Capkun and Collins 2016). The fair and transparent system of IFRS recognizes the organizations in the following ways: The system recognizes each organization as a going and continuous operating concern unless they are winded up. The system recognizes the items of assets, liabilities, expenses and so on if they suffice the definition and the criteria for their recognition. Each item is considered before accounting which allows grouping of items of similar nature together. This makes accounting more transparent and easier. IFRS requires the companies to at least present the financial statements once a year for financial review. This allows the review of the financial position of the company, ensures that IFRS norms have been adhered and accounting presentation has been done as per IAS 12. IFRS requires entities to present comparative statement for all the amounts of the previous periods. The statement should also have the narrative and description information to support the current financial figures. IFRS requires entities to follow the same standard procedure for accounting unless the entitys operation changes an item as per definition or there arises a necessity to change the accounting style. The Necessity of International Accounting Standard: The globalization of economies and the global expansion of companies into multiple countries have made it necessary to have a uniform accounting standard for all the countries. The IFRS came into being as a uniform accounting standard for the EU countries but has gained importance in most of the countries. This is due to the following reasons: Comparability: Today trades between countries have necessitated the governments to ensure that the companies with their domain follow a uniform accounting and reporting style. The Institute of Chartered Accountants, India, SEBI and Ministry of Corporate Affairs has made preparation of financial statements in IFRS mandatory. Reserve Bank of India has made IFRS a mandate of all banking accounts which has helped multinational companies including banks to expand into Indian market (Srivastava and Gupta 2014). Transparency: Transparency is a very important factor that makes international accounting mandatory. Investors can compare between companies before investing in the shares to study its stability and financial strength. A transparent system of accounting followed y all countries helps the stakeholders and the board of directors to make future strategies. Relevance: A uniform system of internationally recognised system of accounting helps a company to use its financial statements in multiple host countries. Multinational companies can use these financial statements to prove its strength while entering a new market. Common Wealth Bank based in Sydney is engaged in business in India, China, Indonesia, London and so on. Incorporation of IFRS in AAS has made it possible for the bank to operate in diverse markets conditions by following a uniform accounting and reporting system in all its locations (Commbank.com.au 2017). Reporting and strategy making: Multinational companies can report financial information from various locations to the management. The management, in turn can use the information to make business strategies for various market locations. Such strategies are particularly important in order to introduce a new product. For example, China is an important trading partner of Australia and was following its own accounting system. However, with the acceptance of IFRS, it became easier for Australia to measure the revenue from the Chinese market (Miao, X., 2016). Helps in international trade: Multinational companies operate in various economic through various modes like branches, FDI and franchisee. A universally system of accounting makes it possible for these companies to compare between different locations and review their performances. It also helps a company to measure the risk and profitability in several domestic markets and also diversify the risk over various markets. Multinational companies like PepsiCo and Microsoft operate in various countries like Taiwan, Singapore and the US. Acceptance of IFRS allows the companies to report the stocks, expenses, profits, sales and other accounting transactions in different countries in a transparent way for reporting and decision making (Schibuola 2014). Consumer and investors benefit: Countries can trade easily with other by applying IFRS which makes variety of goods and services available to the customers. Individual investors too can also study the financial statements of foreign companies before investing in their shares. Thus, an internationally accepted accounting standard boosts consumer satisfaction and investments which boost the world economy (Tong 2014). Conclusion: The above study shows that international accounting standards are very crucial for international trade. These standards form the base of accounting procedures of the countries and yet allow modifications considering the unique features of each economy. They also lead to investment and consumer satisfaction, thus boosting the global economy towards growth. References: Aasb.gov.au. (2017). Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) - Home. [online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/ [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Capkun, V. and Collins, D.W., 2016. The Effects of IFRS Adoption on Observed Earnings Smoothing Properties: The Confounding Effects of Changes in Timely Gain and Loss Recognition. Commbank.com.au. (2017). Personal banking including accounts, credit cards and home loans - CommBank. [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Erdemoglu, E., 2015.The Economic Analysis of the Internationalization of Financial Reporting Standards: IFRS Internationalization from a Law and Economics Perspective(Doctoral dissertation). Gelter, M. and Eroglu, Z.G.K., 2014. Whose Trojan Horse-The Dynamics of Resistance against IFRS.U. Pa. J. Int'l L.,36, p.89. Miao, X., 2016. Issues Affecting Convergence of National Accounting Standards with Ifrs in a Transitional Country: The Case of China.Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal,20(2), p.142. Schibuola, M., 2014.Internationalization of the firm through MA(Bachelor's thesis, Universit Ca'Foscari Venezia). Sec.gov. (2017). International Accounting Standards. [online] Available at: https://www.sec.gov/rules/concept /34-42430. htm [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Srivastava, A. and Gupta, P., 2014. Adoption and Implementation of IFRS in India: A Corporate Experience.IUP Journal of Accounting Research Audit Practices,13(4), p.7. Tong, T.L., 2014. A Review of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. tranoncitogg1977http://www.blogger.com/profile/02866003714308982163noreply@blogger.com0